User:Minseo Lee/sandbox
| Minseo Lee/sandbox | |
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Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Subphylum: | Chelicerata |
| Class: | Arachnida |
| Order: | Araneae |
| Infraorder: | Araneomorphae |
| Family: | Nesticidae |
| Genus: | Nesticella |
| Species: | N. Quelpartensis
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| Binomial name | |
| Nesticella Quelpartensis Paik & Namkung, 1969
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| Synonyms | |
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Jeju Cave Baby Spider (Nesticella quelpartensis) is a unique species found only in South Korea among the whole world, and it inhabits only in the lava caves of Jeju Island. Cave-dwelling organisms are creatures that have adapted to the isolated and closed ecosystems unique to caves, cut off from the external environment. They are known to be extremely vulnerable to changes in the environment of their habitat because they have adapted to the specific cave environment over a long period of time.[1]
Description
[edit]The females have a body length around 2.8 to 3.0mm, while males are approximately 3.0mm in size. Their abdomen is yellow-brown without any distinct patterns. The central groove, neck groove, and radial groove are clearly distinguishable. The anterior median eyes are slightly anterior, and the posterior median eyes are posterior. The front anterior lateral eyes are slightly anterior, and the posterior lateral eyes are posterior. The anterior median eyes are the smallest, and the rear lateral eyes are the largest. The chelicerae are brown and feature 3 promarginal teeth and 7 retromarginal teeth, with no cuspules on the maxilla and slight protuberances between the teeth. The lower jaw is brown, but the tip is light. The lower labium is brown and adheres to the thorax plate. The thorax plate is yellow-brown with long black hairs that has a heart shape and the fourth leg fits into a socket. The legs are yellow-brown, slender, with numerous setae. There are no spines on the legs, and there are sensory setae on the tibia and metatarsus. The leg formula is 1-4-2-3. The abdomen is oval-shaped, pale yellow with long hairs. The mamillae are slightly larger, cone-shaped, and have 2 hairs at the tip. The external genitalia of the female are generally rectangular. The male copulatory organ has a very large distal lobe and features protrusions resembling thumb-like processes on the outer surface.[2] [3]
Distribution and Habitat
[edit]The cave-dwelling spiders are found in caves on humid cave floors or walls only in Jeju Island.
Caves on Jeju Island:
- Hangeul cave
- Geotsaegul cave
- Yukttigigul cave
- Waheulgul cave
- Gwaenaegigul cave
- Manjanggul cave
- Jeokcheongul cave
- Micheongul cave
- Jaeamcheongul cave
- Hyopjaegul cave
- Jeonggeomulgul cave
- Hwanggeungul cave
- Keun Chogitgul cave
- Socheongul cave
- Sacheongul cave
Current Samples
[edit]There are currently 2 samples of the Jeju Cave Baby Spider being kept in the National Institute of Biological Resources. The first one was collected at 1980 September 20th and the second one was collected at 2006 September 15th.[4]
References
[edit]- ^ 이병훈. "[특집 : 국제화시대의 제주도연구(자연과학분야)] 섬 용암동굴 생물의 진화." 제주도연구, 5권, 호, 1988, 87-95. .
- ^ 국립생물자원관(2015), 한반도고유종
- ^ 국립생물자원관(2010), 한반도고유종특성평가및총람발간
- ^ National Institute of Biological Resources, 한반도의 생물 다양성. 제주굴아기거미 표본/소재, National Institute of Biological Resources. species.nibr.go.kr/species/speciesDetail.do?ktsn=120000044518&tab=#; Accessed 01 Oct. 2023.