Wikipedia:Articles for creation/2007-07-20
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This archive includes submissions made on July 19th as well as July 20th
White Kong
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White Kong is an American "street ball legend", who "runs" a basketball court in S. Arlington, VA. The basketball player got his nickname, because he is caucasian and his style of play has been compared to a wild beast. White Kong, whos goverment name is unkown, first hit the scene in a highstakes game of basketball which has become something of an urban myth in the surrounding areas. In a very intense game of 2 on 1, White Kong and his teammate were trailing, when out of nowhere He came down with a thunderous "skyjam", propelling his team to victory. White Kong is single with a reported 5 illegitimate children. Sources[edit]http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G1-17120531.html
162.84.81.19 02:32, 19 July 2007 (UTC)
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Au Claire de la Lune (song)
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Richard Enderlin
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Blindness by Jorge Luis Borges
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Sources[edit]75.21.214.138 03:24, 19 July 2007 (UTC)
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Dominion: Where Power Prevails
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Dominion is an online war strategy game. Sources[edit]98.199.34.62 04:10, 19 July 2007 (UTC)
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Micheal Kenneth Williams
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"FRAGILE"
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Sources[edit]IMDB [1] Official website [2] Sheree J.Wilson [3] PRWEB [4] Cyril Morin [5]
Undecided, but I think it's acceptable; needs a re-write to reflect the sources though. --Haemo 06:52, 20 July 2007 (UTC)
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Frederic Galfo
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An independent European filmmaker whose first film "FRAGILE" was part of the official selection of the "Short Film Corner" at the Cannes Film Festival 2006.
Sources[edit]IMDB[6] Website [7] Sheree Wilson [8] 69.231.39.182 05:19, 19 July 2007 (UTC)
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Multicultral Marketing
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why the passion for multicultural Australia? "You miss 100% of the opportunities you never take." Australia has one of the most ethnically diverse populations in the world with more than 8 million Australians identifying with a multicultural background. As revealed in the 2002 SBS Report 'LIVING DIVERSITY: Australia"s Multicultural Future', we live in "a dynamic, evolving society where diversity is embraced as the new cultural mainstream of Australia." Reaching multicultural communities requires a new way of thinking, as well as an openness to learning the cultural nuances that make each one unique. This represents a paradigm shift from the current 'one size fits all' strategy of mainstream marketing. This approach increasingly fails to create meaningful connections with Australian consumers. Multicultural marketing, both metaphorically and practically, is the new way to speak the language of your target market. Utilising multicultural media and below-the-line opportunities is the best way to communicate in the right place, at the right time. Many companies are being pleasantly surprised to find multicultural campaigns outperforming their more traditional approaches when it comes to cost effectiveness and ROI. The Multicultural market facts and figures 200 nationalities speak over 150 languages in Australia 20% of the population, approximately 3.1 million Australians, speak a Language Other Than English (LOTE) at home 43% of the population were born overseas or have one parent born overseas, over 8 million consumers in the domestic market (DIMIA 2005) 23% or 4.5 million Australians were born overseas (More than the combined population of SA, WA, TAS and ACT) Over 29% of Small to Medium Enterprises (SMEs) are owned by Australians with a Non-English Speaking Background (NESB). Education is Australia's third largest export with over 344,000 international students currently residing in Australia. They contributed $5.62 billion to the Australian economy in 2003-2004. Over 140,000 new migrants settled in Australia in 2005-2006. This continues to increase with 160,000 new migrants due to settle in Australia in 2007-2008. Diverse audiences require diverse marketing. Communities are not only diverse in language, culture and religion, but also in levels of literacy, business ownership, employment, use of media and dependency on friends and community leaders for information. Multiculturl marketing agency's methodology and strategy for campaigns is to meet this diversity with a flexible and strategic approach to communication. Whether adapting a mainstream campaign to meet the sensitivities of the ethnic market, or tailoring a new campaign to a specific community, Multiculturl marketing agency offer above and below-the-line expertise that is culturally and linguistically relevant. The strategies are recommend meet both client and community needs.
Sources[edit]2002 SBS Report 'LIVING DIVERSITY: Australia's Multicultural Future' Garysu 06:09, 19 July 2007 (UTC)
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Geronima T. Pecson
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WP:COPYVIO CONTENT REMOVED Sources[edit]http://www.senate.gov.ph/senators/former_senators/geronima_pecson.htm
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Diaoyudao Islands(25°46'N 123°31'E) are located to the Northeast of Taiwan and are part of the islands attached to the island of Taiwan. On May 15, 1972, when handing over the administration of Okinawa to Japan, the United States also handed over the administration of the Diaoyudao Islands to Japan, leaving the disputes to be resolved between China and Japan. Currently, Diaoyudao Islands are controlled by Japan under the administraion of Okinawa. Both the People's Republic of China and Taiwan claim sovereignty over Diaoyudao Islands, and declare that the Islands belong to the Jurisdiction of Taiwan. Geography Diaoyudao Islands are 186 kilometres from Keelung City of Taiwan, 356kilometres from Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province of mainland China,385 kilometres from Fuzhou of mainland China and 417 kilometres from Okinawa of Japan. The total area of the islands is 4.3 square kilometres. the highest point of the islands is 383 metres above sea level. Diaoyudao Islands are part of the continental shelf in the East China Sea while the Okinawa Islands of Japan are vocano islands outside the continental shelf. The name of Diaoyudao Islands The earliest available written record in China about Diaoyudao Islands was in 1403,when China was in the Ming Dynasty. A book named Shun Feng Xiang Song (Bid Farewell to the Good Wind) called the Islands Diaoyudao Islands. Later books and documents published in China all called the islands Diaoyudao Islands. Official documents about the islands include Journey to Ryukyu(1534, Ming Dynasty), Sea Territories Maps(1562, Ming Dynasty) compiles by General Hu Zongxian, the Governor of Zhejiang Province, Imperial Territories Map(1767,)Qing Dynasty) ordered by His Majesty Emperor Qian Long of Qing Dynasty.
Sources[edit]See the Chinese version of this entry below: http://zh.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=%E9%87%A3%E9%AD%9A%E8%87%BA%E5%88%97%E5%B6%BC&variant=zh-tw Diaoyudao Islands http://zh.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=%E9%87%A3%E9%AD%9A%E5%8F%B0%E5%95%8F%E9%A1%8C&variant=zh-tw Diaoyudao Islands dispute 99.243.157.225 08:41, 19 July 2007 (UTC)
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Jawed Ul Haq Siddiqui
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He is the son of Mobin Ul Haq Siddiqui, the first speaker of Pakistans West Pakistan Assembly during Ayub Khan's tenure and a highly-regarded international personality. Mr. Mobin was also offered to be Pakistan's Ambassador to the US. Jawed Ul Haq Siddiqui is a qualified Chartered Accountant from UK and has a few years experience in Corporate Finance and Auditing under his belt. He is also the recipient of a Gold Medal which he received for excellence in exam performance at his college. He is married with four children and lives in a lavish bungalow in central Karachi.
Sources[edit]The book written by Jawed Ul Haq Siddiqui is available at: http://www.allbookstores.com/Religion/Islam/General/Panislamism.html 202.44.82.27 09:13, 19 July 2007 (UTC)
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The Walungchung Region and the Walung-gnas
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Sources[edit]203.145.188.130 10:02, 19 July 2007 (UTC)
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bembridge leadge nr forlands beach ilse of wight
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the leadge is in forland beach in bembridge isle of wight its nkown to be a lifeboat station further up the beach its a place where people like to sit next to it its also well visted my wightcliff bay holiday campers and bembridge coastel hotel
or sources that are not reliable per the verifiability policy. Please provide reputable, third-party sources with your suggestions. Third party sources are needed both to establish the verifiability of the submission as well as its notability. ffm 15:15, 19 July 2007 (UTC) |
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Barbie: Magic of the Raimbow
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218.102.155.113 10:06, 19 July 2007 (UTC) Barbie: Magic of the Rainbow is a 2007 Barbie film, produced by Mainframe Entertainment. It is the eighth in a series of computer-animated Barbie films, and sequel to Barbie: Fairytopia and Barbie:Mermaidia . Synopsis In Barbie: Fairytopia and Barbie: Mermaidia, the once wingless fairy, Elina defeated evil fairy, Laverna and earned herself fame and also the thing she wanted most: a pair of wings form the Enchantress.
In this whole new film, the guardian fairy, Azura went to see Elina and ask her if she is willing to go to the Ice palace to be her apprentice to learn the Dance of Spring and dance to make the first Blush of Spring open. Elina was very happy and excited and she agreed at once. She set of with her companion, Bibble. In the Ice Palace, she made a few freinds, but not all the other apprentices like her. The are jealous of her and so they are always criticing her. One of the apprentice called Sunburst, espcially dislike Elina. But when the fairy guardians were attacked, she was suddenly very nice to Elina.
The Enchantress asked the apprentices to dance the Dance of Spring. When they are halfway through, Elina discovered that Sunburst was actually Laverna, and the real Sunburst was trapped in the water by her!
Elina went to find Sunburst, and when she finally found her, it was almost too late. Laverna show her true her true self and then tricked the Enchantress to step into a chamber which would take away all her power! Laverna became the Enchantress(Ruler of Fairytopia) and distroyed the First Blush of Spring. Elina used herself to stopped Laverna to completly distoryed the Blush and her fellow apprentice helped her. They used their powers together and the First Blush of Spring finally opened!
In the end, Elina got herself a new beautiful pair of transparent Rainbow wing with the same shape as her last pair. Everyone became her friends and admire her bravey.
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Commun Design
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Based in Oxford, they are a small creative agency with big ideas and a passion for Print, Web and Multimedia design. Clients inlcude : Adrian James Architects, The Bridge, Crucible Industrial Design Ltd, & Opera Anywhere. Sources[edit]193.41.102.72 10:41, 19 July 2007 (UTC)
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Andrew Cedergren
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Born September 19, 1990 in Lancaster, Minnesota. Sources[edit]http://www.baseball-almanac.com/index.shtml
24.21.52.141 11:43, 19 July 2007 (UTC)
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Ballast - Rowing evolution
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Ballast is a swiss manufacturer of rowing accessories (like oars, seats, blades and boats). The company was founded by Roberto Bernasconi. Design and construction of rowing boats and accessories. Sources[edit]http://uk.dir.yahoo.com/Business_and_Economy/Shopping_and_Services/Sport/Rowing/ 62.203.40.60 11:55, 19 July 2007 (UTC)
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Kilt/Kilto
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Redirect: kilt Sources[edit]Kilto is another term for kilt. 81.149.1.91 12:15, 19 July 2007 (UTC)
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The JCs are Skinto
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The dogs are Skinto. The dogs, otherwise known as the JCs are also skinto. Sources[edit]The Royal Bank of Scotland, Clydesdale Bank, Bank of Scotland, Halifax, Nationwide Building Society 81.149.1.91 12:18, 19 July 2007 (UTC)
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Sources[edit]125.162.2.154 12:56, 19 July 2007 (UTC) Blood Retinal Barrier Blood retinal barrier is the part of blood ocular barrier. Blood retinal barrier maintained by two guardian of the retina. First, retinal blood vessels that are analogous to cerebral blood vessels, maintain the inner blood ocular barrier. This physiologic barrier is due to one or single layer of non-fenestrated endothelial cells, whose tight junctions. These junctions are improvious to tracer so many substances those can impact the well metabolism of the eye ball. And another guardian is retinal pigment epithelium that maintain outer blood retinal barrier.[1]
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Dizzie Dog
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Cute[edit]Dizzie is a cute 9/10 year-old Jack Russell Terrier who is owned by Harry Desmond. Sources[edit]Dog Encyclopaedia 88.111.24.127 13:02, 19 July 2007 (UTC) DYF
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Harry Desmond
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Details[edit]Dog: Dizzie. DOB: 13th May 2007. DOD: n/a Mister O'Donnell[edit]His was credited by his teacher, MROD, who talked about him to the mathematics department of Parmiter's School. Sources[edit]88.111.24.127 13:13, 19 July 2007 (UTC)
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Extended PRML (EPRML)
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The chief benefit of using EPRML is that due to its higher performance, areal density (or more correctly, the linear component of areal density) can be increased without increasing the error rate. Claims regarding this increase range from around 20% to as much as 70%, compared to "regular" PRML. Those numbers represent a fairly significant improvement. EPRML has now been widely adopted in the hard disk industry and is replacing PRML on new drives.
Sources[edit]http://www.storagereview.com/guide2000/ref/hdd/geom/dataEPRML.html 85.27.130.158 13:46, 19 July 2007 (UTC)
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Mister O'Donnell
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Mr O'Donnell is a science teacher at Parmiter's School. He has done good work inspiring students at the school, particularly Harry Desmond (7ID + 8NT). More[edit]
Sources[edit]88.111.72.111 15:01, 19 July 2007 (UTC)
DYF
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MROD
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Sources[edit]88.111.72.111 15:22, 19 July 2007 (UTC)
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Block Architects
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Block, which was set up in Nantes in 2000, comes across as a group with its sights determinedly set an experimentation. This said, they had already worked together on many projects since their thoroughly illegal occupation of a Second World War bunker in 1996 -- Blockhaus DYI0. Their praxis is intentionally cross-disciplinary, involving sound recycling, installations, performances and architectural projects. The overall dynamic underpinning their line of thinking veers towards the notion of shift and displacement, and the decon-textualization of one or more ingredients of the real, duly turning into a project and indexed forms. Block was a Nouveaux Albums de la Jeune Architecture 2002 award-winner. Sources[edit]101 of the world's most exciting architects, Wallpaper http://www.wallpaper.com/directory/320 90.25.73.252 15:29, 19 July 2007 (UTC)
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JAMEL MEL CITY THORNTON
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Jamel Victor Thornton, better known as, Mel City: The founding force of Mel City Entertainment. At 26 years old, father of a beautiful and intelligent 3-year-old son, the last child of of 10 siblings, uncle of 26 nieces and nephews and the cousin of many. Jamel grew up in Jamaica, Queens New York. A graduate of William C. Hughley Elementary, Susan B. Anthony Intermediate, and Thomas A. Edison High School. Later he attended St. John’s University on a ROTC scholarship for 2 years before being called to active duty. At SJU, Jamel took active roles in the St. John's chapter of the NAACP – SJU, Haraya, Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity Inc. Debate Team, and Toastmasters. Simultaneously, from 2001-2004, He served this country proudly in the United States Army as a Civil Affairs Specialist in the Special Operations Command during both Operation Iraqi Freedom and Operation Enduing Freedom. In March of 2004, he was honorably discharged under honorable conditions.
Right now, Mel City is focusing on my his company; Mel City Entertainment. The goal for MCE is total corporate expansion. "My heart and mind is dedicated to generous initiatives like youth development, social rehabilitation, and government advisement". Mel City is currently pursuing his BSA/MBA via Kaplan University’s online program. From there he look forward to pursuing a JD in Business with a concentration in Entertainment. Returning to the realm of entertainment, most recently, City has worked on projects such as BET’s Top 25 Countdown, MTV Run’s House, Ralph Lauren Brand Presentations, and MTV Overdrive. Moving forward, Mel City will be working on several projects involving music licensing, brand marketing, event management, and film/video production.
Sources[edit]http://www.sesac.com/licensing/contact_licensing.aspx
Wikimalachi 15:44, 19 July 2007 (UTC)
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Sony Ericsson W580i
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<copyrighted text removed> Taken from http://www.thephonenetwork.co.uk/display.asp?image=large&network=&free=&gift=&hs=w580igrey Sources[edit]sonyericsson homepage carphone warehouse phones 4 u 78.146.138.115 15:59, 19 July 2007 (UTC)
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Corbansick
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Corbansick is a Nu metal band from Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, formed in July 2003 by Fedja Šehić (Guitars) and Goran Valka (Vocals). They are often credited as fusion band because of their mixture of variety of musical styles such as Metal, Rock, Hip hop, Funk and Jazz. During 2003 Corbansick was in the studio where they recorded their first demo tape, inluding two their best songs; Broken and Pissed Off.Inspired by a wave of nu metal, alternative metal and rap metal bands through the mid 1990s and early 2000s. Now, the band is deep in the writing and recording process of their first studio album.
History[edit]Corbansick was created in July 2003, in Sarajevo by to friends, who have been playing together since 1999. Feđa Šehić played guitar while Goran Valka played keyboards and wrote lyrics, all of which were in English. Soon after the decision to gather a band, Igor Benić, vocal, joins the band and with him bringing new blood and fresh feeling. A bit later, band gets two new members, Haris Kurspahić, bass, and Stefan Pejović, drums who really define the music they're playing. After long brainstorming, it's decided that the new formed band shall be called «Corbansick», a fusion of words Core, Band and Sick. Gigs all over the country soon follow, where «Corbansick» start to attract fans from whole BiH territory. Soon after that, two demos are recorded, «Broken» and «Pissed Off», to present themselves to the wider audience. The songs find their way to the radio stations and various compilations. Apart from many gigs in the throughout the country, the band is invited by the «Upgrade» festival in Germany to play along with 20 bands where they receive a positive critics and are described as a «young and upcoming band with a bright future ahead» by the German MTV. Their combination of diverse music genres contributes to the originality of their style. «Corbansick» has a unique sound and style, today widely known as «Rapcore» (Hardcore and Rap), through heavy Hardcore riffs and Funky bass line. They combine rap and shout vocals with old school rhythms and samples, with ambiental and psychedelic keyboard admixture. At the end of last September, 3 band members decided to leave the band. Soon after that 3 new members joined the band and the band started making a new music completely. Current line-up[edit]
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Mozambique Institute
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Career[edit]Born in Dallas, Texas, but raised in Vicksburg, Michigan, and graduated the University of Michigan. Thurman began his career as a copywriter at various advertising agencies in New York. Then later moved to Los Angeles with his writing partners Gene Moss, and brother Dave Thurman, he formed his own boutique advertising agency, Creative Advertising Stuff. He also worked as a photographer, with work displayed at the 1964 World's Fair, and contributed cartoons to Playboy and New Yorker. One year later, Moss and Thurman brothers had scripted all 156 installments of the 1965 cartoon series Roger Ramjet as well as the puppet comedy series Shrimpenstein, where Thurman voiced the title character for satirical children's television program. Thurman then later played Dunce sidekick to Digby Dropout, in "The Man from Alphabet in 1969." Thurman scripted both street/Muppet scenes on Sesame Street, working in both capacities, and many animated sketches, for the later, beginning with the show's debut in 1969 until 2007. In both 1973 Thurman did a voice of , Christopher Clumsy, for various Cliff Roberts characters, and Jake the Snake. In 1982 Thurman had team up with Paul Fierlinger to create, write, voice of Teeny Little Super Guy for Sesame Street. He also wrote sketches for Jim Henson's "The Muppet Show", from 1976 until 1981. Thurman subsequently worked on most of CTW's other series, as a staff writer and cartoon voiceover on The Electric Company and 3-2-1 Contact, Fat Albert and the Cosby Kids, and as head writer/producer for Square One TV; on the later series, he provided the voice of Mr. Glitch and scripted the "Mathnet" segments, as well as "Dirk Niblick of the Math Brigade," and the later Math Talk package. Thurman helped kids have fun with math as co-creator, with the late Dave Connell, as senior producer. Thurman also wrote the The Muppet Movie and Muppet Babies. In recent years Jim continued to write, do voice work and wrote a weekly column for his local paper. Thurman also wrote and voiced several animated sexual education specials for Buzzco Associates, Inc. In 2006, he wrote wrapararound material and voiced Bob for the Old School Volume 1 DVD. Thurman is survived by his wife, Patricia; two sons; a daughter; four grandchildren; and a sister. Filmography[edit]
Television Work[edit]
—The preceding unsigned comment was added by 66.97.124.189 (talk • contribs) 16:42, 19 July 2007 (UTC).
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Gas Diffusion Sterilization
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However, by adopting gas-diffusion technology, a fundamentally different approach to in-house EtO sterilization, some manufacturers have been able to comply more economically with regulatory requirements. Compared to sterilization by means of a large vacuum/pressure vessel, this technology more effectively controls emissions and reduces gas use. Like traditional EtO systems, gas-diffusion systems can be validated in accordance with AAMI/ ANSI/ISO 11135, the industrial EtO standard.1 Although the language of ISO 11135 refers only to traditional chamber sterilizers, the principles of process validation it describes can be applied to gas-diffusion technology by analogy. The gas-diffusion system injects EtO directly into the product packaging to eliminate the need for an industrial vessel.
There are two gas-diffusion systems currently available, both manufactured solely by H.W. Andersen Products, Inc. One, the Sterijet system, is designed for large-scale production; the other, the EOGas system, is best suited for health-care and small-batch manufacturing. The Sterijet processor combines a package sealer with an EtO-injection machine. Both the injection system and the sealer mechanism are validated to deliver an ethylene oxide shot and package seal of consistent and known parameters. The processor can be located near the device manufacturing area and operated continuously, sterilizing product as it comes out of final assembly. Products to be sterilized must first either be packaged in a breathable sterile barrier package or simply wrapped in a permeable material. The size of the process lot is not determined by the volume of a chamber, as it would be in an industrial vessel. With a gas-diffusion system, the manufacturer can either wait to build standard size product lots, sterilize individual devices or small batches, or process continuously. The steel vacuum/pressure vessel is replaced by a plastic bag, typically of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) film. The bag, by analogy, represents the chamber as defined in ISO 11135.  Forced preconditioning of the products through storage in heated rooms under conditions of high humidity is unnecessary with gas-diffusion technology. Facilities need only keep workspace humidity and temperature above 40% and 70°F to allow continuous processing of the products as they leave the assembly line. Workspace temperature and humidity control can be achieved through a combination of steam injection, when necessary, and HVAC treatment. In contrast to the natural prehumidification described above, product sterilized inside vacuum/pressure vessels is usually preconditioned at extreme conditions that differ markedly from those of the manufacturing environment. The potential danger is that secondary packaging can absorb elevated quantities of humidity during such preconditioning, and later during chamber steam injection, to the point that the moisture actually interferes with the final sterility assurance level (SAL) achieved by the cycle.2 Since gas-diffusion sterilization can be integrated into the manufacturing environment, the products can be continuously processed at the same conditions under which they were manufactured, thus avoiding climatic variations that cause condensation on product and packaging. The sterilization process begins with placement of the finished product inside the LDPE bag. One LDPE bag can contain a single product, such as a large custom surgical kit, or small multiple units, such as sutures. Multipacks can be double wrapped, with each product individually sealed into its own primary packaging. The quality of the packaging is strictly controlled to ensure consistent gas permeation characteristics. The size of the LDPE bag is tailored to the physical characteristics of the product to be sterilized (Figure 1). The mouth of the LDPE bag is placed onto the injector processor between the jaws of the processor. After the jaws close, the processor removes the excess air from the LDPE bag. The processor then injects a preprogrammed amount, or gas shot, of vaporized EtO. The nozzle then automatically withdraws and the LDPE bag is heat sealed. The size of each gas shot is measured by a mass flowmeter and verified by recording the critical operating parameters of gas pressure, temperature, and inject time. The time, processing sequence number, and EtO mass of each gas shot is recorded on a printed label that is used to track individual packages. As they are filled, evacuated, and injected with sterilant, the bags are transferred to a temperature-controlled room with engineered ventilation. The sealed bags contain only air trapped within the product and packaging, so that the contents are not flammable. Moreover, each bag contains very little EtO gas, typically less than 10 g. At this point, the hot cell fulfills the function of the traditional sterilizer chamber by providing heat for both the diffusion and sterilization process. Through forced ventilation, the hot cell eliminates the EtO as it elutes from the LDPE bag. As aeration progresses and EtO diffuses out of the package, the LDPE bag begins to exhibit a skintight, vacuum-packed appearance as it shrinks around the inner sterile product (Figure 1). The vacuum-tight package not only offers more protection against damage due to shifting during shipment, but also offers the user a visual assurance of package integrity. Loose fit of the LDPE bag after processing would indicate that the package seal had been violated. THE GAS-DIFFUSION PROCESS The transmission of EtO across a permeable membrane depends upon several factors, including the following:
The type, thickness, composition, and crystallinity of the barrier. The area exposed to the transmission. The concentration gradient that exists across the barrier. The pressure gradient across the barrier.3 When EtO gas is injected between the inside of the LDPE bag and the outside of the porous packaging containing the product, it gradually diffuses through the porous membrane and contacts all accessible surfaces of the product. Two important physical forces drive the sterilant across the packaging and allow the process gases to contact the product's bioburden. The first is the slight pressure gradient created by the gas injection. The second and most important factor is the concentration gradient across the barrier. In the open sterilizer bag, the inside pressure is the same as the atmospheric pressure of the workplace. When excess air is removed by the Sterijet processor, the effective pressure inside the bag is lowered. The injection of EtO into the LDPE bag introduces a pressure gradient across the sterile barrier package, thus driving EtO toward the product. This is analogous to the chamber dynamics of an industrial vacuum/pressure vessel. As the chamber headspace is evacuated, air is drawn out of each individual product package. A negative pressure equilibrium between individual product and the headspace follows. When the vaporized EtO is added, the chamber headspace pressure is greater than that of each product. This pressure gradient drives the gas into the product. During the sterilization phase of the cycle, the hot cells are precisely maintained at a temperature validated to deliver a 106 SAL at the worst-case location within the product package. Since the permeability of the LDPE bag is far lower than the permeability of the inner product packaging, initial gas loss to the hot cell is insignificant and predictable, while the immediate tendency of the gas is to diffuse inward across the packaging layer, contacting the product. During the aeration phase of the cycle, the concentration of EtO in the LDPE bag decreases, and the primary direction of gas diffusion reverses. The concentration gradient now favors diffusion out of the bag into the hot cell environment. The hot cell, first responsible for aiding the inward diffusion of the gas and promoting the chemical inactivation of product bioburden, now causes outward diffusion. Because of ventilation, the hot cell EtO concentration is near zero, thus aiding diffusion of the gas from the product and through the walls of the LDPE bag. This is analogous to the heat supplied by the wall jackets of an industrial vacuum/pressure vessel. Initially the heat serves to increase gas diffusion across the multiple layers of packaging and to promote uniform chemical reaction on the products. Later it helps drive the gas back out of all layers of packaging, where it can be evacuated to the emission control system. GAS PERMEATION CONSIDERATIONS Those who have had the chance to follow an entire EtO process validation for an industrial vessel will have noticed that as the size of the product load increases, the sterilization process becomes less efficient. To compensate, the following cycle parameters must be boosted:
Humidity addition. Humidity penetration time. EtO addition. EtO penetration time. Sterilant dwell time. The gas sterilization process loses efficiency as product lot size increases not because the vessel hardware is insufficient, but as a result of the progressive increase in package interference and load density. By way of comparison, product sterilized in a biological indicator evaluation resistometer (BIER vessel) is handled singly, and has only one layer of protective barrier separating the product from the critical process elements (temperature, humidity, and EtO concentration). In a hospital-size vessel, we see a comparative increase in package-related interference. In an industrial vessel, where several more layers of packaging are added (master cartons and shelf cartons, for example), the minimum sterilant concentration that is required increases still more. Users of industrial-size vessels are forced to compensate for process interference caused by load characteristics by using levels of humidification and concentrations of EtO greatly in excess of those actually needed at the microbial site. While Kaye and Phillips determined that moisture levels of 2040% would allow EtO to inactivate spore samples,4 these levels are rarely employed by the sterilization industry. The original Kaye and Phillips experiment was performed directly on the microbial site and did not include multiple layers of packaging to hinder gas permeation. Even in so-called low-concentration industrial cycles, excess moisture and EtO are needed to fill the empty space around each pallet and between products. When an industrial vacuum/pressure vessel is used, external preconditioning ranging from 12 to 24 hours is commonly carried out to bring the load to a uniform temperature and humidity level. Subsequently, a series of multiple vacuum cycles and nitrogen washes are needed to displace oxygen from the load. Only then is steam injected into the vessel and the load allowed to condition. A modern, industrial-size vessel typically injects steam into the headspace until a relative humidity of 5080% is achieved. Additional steam is used to maintain the high level of humidity throughout conditioning dwell. The same holds true for EtO concentration. While a BIER vessel may inactivate spores with a sterilant concentration of 350 mg/L, industrial vessels use 6001000 mg/L, injecting 510 lb of EtO per pallet of product. Thus process obstruction caused by packaging and load density never allows an industrial-size vessel to achieve the performance of a BIER vessel. The dynamics of EtO sterilization can be explained by reference to Fick's first law of diffusion, J = D dc/dx, where the rate of diffusion (J) is directly proportional to the concentration gradient. In this equation, D is the diffusion coefficient and dc/dx is the gradient concentration in the direction of diffusion.5 In the sterilization system, the rate of diffusion toward the microbial sites increases as the gas concentration in the sterilizer is raised. Stated differently, as the resistance of the system to diffusion increases, the gas concentration must be increased to achieve the same rate of penetration. Absorption of EtO and moisture by packaging results in depletion of the headspace levels, thus contributing to the inefficiency of permeation dynamics in an industrial EtO chamber. Each level of porous corrugated packaging and paper is capable of absorbing up to 10% EtO w/w (100,000 mg/L on a weight/volume basis).6 As the gas permeates the first level of cardboard master cartons, the amount remaining that can continue permeating across the second layer of shelf cartons is already significantly reduced. The slowest permeation rate, therefore, will occur where penetration is most critical: at the primary packaging level. Unless a sufficient quantity of moisture and EtO contacts the product, the proper SAL will not be achieved. For a system where the product is separated from the sterilizer headspace gases by three layers of packaging, the overall permeation time can be represented by the sum of the individual permeation times for each layer (the value of k may vary from 2 to 6, L is the packaging layer thickness in centimeters, and D the diffusion coefficient in square centimeters per minute):6 Total Permeation Time = k L2/D(3)+ k L2/D(2)+ k L2/D(1) The gas-diffusion method largely circumvents the problem of permeation obstruction by delivering precisely metered doses of both moisture and EtO right to the primary packaging--mere centimeters from the microbial site. In a sterilizer bag, the permeation time of EtO depends on only one layer of porous packaging; consequently, the gas absorption and depletion by multiple layers of corrugated packaging is avoided. In designing a gas diffusion validation, the user must consider only two sources of resistance to the process: product bioburden and one layer of porous packaging. The permeation time is much more efficient as represented by: Total Gas Diffusion Permeation Time = k L2/D By avoiding the dramatic overgassing that takes place inside an industrial chamber, gas-diffusion technology cuts the time and energy required to aerate the final product to FDA-mandated EtO residual levels and reduces the demand on the facility's emission control system.7 We estimate that devices sterilized with the system use 30 to 80% less EtO than industrial vacuum/pressure vessels achieving the same SAL. PROCESS VALIDATION OF A GAS-DIFFUSION SYSTEM Validation of the Sterijet system has been carried out according to a protocol based on ISO 11135. Following the installation and operational qualifications, a series of fractional cycles were performed to verify the relative humidity (RH), EtO concentration, and sterilization phase temperature required to deliver the needed degree of lethality at the most resistant location in a specific product. For each product family, at least two fractional cycles were performed, one at minimum, one at maximum sterilization temperature. In this way a temperature window was determined within which the required level of delivered lethality could be ensured. Preconditioning parameters and injected EtO weight were validated at below the minimum specification. Minimum workplace environmental conditions were simulated by preconditioning the product at 3539% RH and at a temperature below 65ºF. Temperature of the product load was monitored throughout the preconditioning, gas injection, sterilization, and aeration. Product humidity was monitored through preconditioning up until gas injection. Temperature and humidity probes were placed within the product as close to the worst-case biological indicator (BI) site as possible. The processor was then programmed and calibrated to inject a mass of EtO below the minimum level routinely used in production. Because the sterilization bag material has a very low permeability to water vapor, the absolute amount of water sealed in the product package is assumed to remain constant during sterilization. Sterilization of the BIs under worst-case processing conditions confirms that the humidification of the load is adequate to achieve the intended SAL. For validation purposes, the products sterilized were divided into several product families. We will examine here in greater detail the validation testing carried out for the product family represented by a wound drain consisting of a double-lumen PVC tube about 17 in. long. Product characteristics that might impede EtO penetration include an antimicrobial filter on the vent lumen. The tube is double wrapped, first within a polyethylene primary package, then into a polyethylene peel-open pouch. Ten individually packed tubes constitute the multipack that is sterilized as a unit in the LDPE bag. To carry out the fractionals, 30 multipacks of 10 tubes each were inoculated with BI spore strips or disks with certified B. subtilis var. niger populations of at least 1.0 * 106 and resistance of 34 minutes. The tube located at the worst-case location within the multipack (the center) was inoculated with three BIs. Two BIs were placed at positions within the product where diffusion of EtO would theoretically be restricted (within the aspiration lumen and under the filter assembly). The third was to function as a reference and was placed within the primary packaging, adjacent to the tube. Additional multipacks were probed for measurement of temperature and RH during preconditioning and temperature during the sterilization phase. Each of the multipacks was then injected with a preprogrammed mass of vaporized EtO and placed into the hot cell. Multipacks were removed from the hot cell at eight graded time periods between 0 and 12 hours. The BIs were aseptically removed, macerated, and cultured for enumeration of survivors. The log10 of the survivors was plotted against time to yield an inactivation curve for the three test sites, and regression analysis was used to determine the decimal reduction time (D-value) for each curve.8 The D-value curves revealed a classical pattern of microbial inactivation: the interior of the single product package is more resistant than the exterior and the least accessible location within the product (BI in the aspiration lumen) is the most resistant location of the three tested. At the minimum sterilization temperature (82ºF), D-values of 1.46, 1.10, and 0.67 hours were obtained for the lumen of catheter, the filter assembly, and the primary package, respectively. The fractional study carried out at the higher temperature revealed an approximately 30% reduction of the D-values for each of the three sites. The reduction in D-value is predicted by Q10 and again demonstrates that established patterns of sterilization kinetics are observed in the sterilization system.9 In addition to the BI and temperature/RH sensor test packs, three product multipacks were probed for EtO concentration analysis. The three product multipacks were each equipped with three capillary tubes leading to sampling ports outside the LDPE bag. One of the sampling tubes was located at the worst-case location within the aspiration lumen. The second was positioned to sample gas within the primary package, and the third was located within the LDPE bag (Figure 2). The sampling tubes were led to the outside of the hot cell, so that sampling could be accomplished without opening the door. (While this approach to probing gas concentration would be impractical in an industrial vessel, it is a relatively simple procedure in a gas-diffusion system). After clearing the gas chromatograph syringe to equalize the gas concentration within the package with the sampling tubes, gas samples were withdrawn from the multipack via a syringe and analyzed on a gas chromatograph (GC). The EtO concentration within the product package was measured at 1- and, later, 2-hour intervals over the course of 24 hours. In this way, EtO diffusion kinetics were mapped for the three sites over the standard (24-hour) full cycle time. Like the BI inactivation curves, the GC mapping studies revealed the expected relationship between product, packaging layers, and EtO concentration. The GC curves demonstrate that EtO diffuses from the LDPE bag through the packaging to reach the most restrictive sites of the product. The relationship between the EtO concentration and lethality delivered at the worst-case site within the product is further elucidated by graphing the corresponding GC curve together with BI inactivation data (Figure 3). This graph shows 10 degrees of lethality correlated simultaneously to both product level gas concentration and time at a constant process temperature. During the first 5 hours after EtO is injected into the LDPE bag, the gas concentration is increasing and the lethality curve is nonlinear as the system pushes to achieve a concentration equilibrium across all layers of inner packaging. Once EtO has penetrated into each product package and a diffusion equilibrium across the packaging is achieved at approximately 450500 mg/L, the linearity of the curve becomes evident. Inactivation of the BI at about 10 hours indicates delivery of an initial six logs of lethality and completion of the theoretical sterilization half-cycle. Maintenance of the EtO concentration level around 450500 mg/L for hours 1020 confirms that an adequate amount of EtO is present during the second half-cycle to deliver an additional six logs of lethality. To verify that BI inactivation was achieved at the end of the first half-cycle, a series of three half-cycle runs were subsequently completed. Product was preconditioned at subminimum conditions and 28 product packages were prepared, each with a BI placed in the worst-case location identified through fractional testing. (As per ISO 11135, section B4, the number of BIs used for fractional testing is based on sterilizer volume.) Additional multipacks were probed for measurement of temperature and RH during preconditioning and of temperature during the sterilization phase. Each of the product multipacks was injected with a subminimum mass of EtO and then held in a hot cell at subminimum temperature for the half-cycle time. (The half-cycle time was calculated from the D-value at the worst-case location to give a six-log reduction plus a safety factor of two D-values.) At the conclusion of the half-cycle, the BIs were removed from the product multipacks and aseptically transferred to media for culturing. For successful completion of the half-cycle test, no positives were permitted at seven days' incubation for any of the three consecutive half-cycles. To complete the suite of validation tests, three full cycles were performed for EtO, ethylene glycol (EG), and ethylene chlorohydrin (EC) residual determination and product functionality testing. During this phase, preconditioning was pushed to its maximum limits for temperature and relative humidity and the Sterijet processor was programmed to inject a quantity of EtO in excess of the maximum parameter. Following the sterilization phase, samples to be tested for residuals were then aerated at a subminimum temperature (below 90°F), while product functionality samples were aerated at a temperature exceeding the maximum production limit (100°F). For the full-cycle runs, BIs were placed at the worst-case location within the product, as identified through fractional testing. The number of BI-inoculated product packs (10) was based on the volume of product sterilized, as per ISO 11135, section C.3.2. The BIs were retrieved immediately after the sterilization period was finished and were incubated as the load continued to aerate. The sterilization cycle validated here was run isothermally--that is, sterilization and aeration occurred at the same temperature without interruption. To decrease product aeration times, cycle temperatures can also be ramped--the aeration phase being run at a higher temperature than the sterilization phase. Once the maximum load size has been validated during full-cycle testing, routine lot sizes may differ depending on the production volume. CONCLUSION Gas-diffusion technology is a safety-conscious, effective, and efficient way for device manufacturers to routinely perform terminal EtO sterilization of medical devices. It is based on the well-known chemical and physical laws of gas diffusion across permeable barriers. By controlling temperature and humidity in the manufacturing area and by selecting packaging materials with compatible EtO permeation properties, a gas diffusion sterilization system can be installed, validated, and operated to deliver an SAL of 106.
Sources[edit]1. Medical Devices--Validation and Routine Control of Ethylene Oxide Sterilization, AAMI/ANSI/ISO 11135, Arlington, VA, Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation (AAMI), 1994. 2. Ethylene Oxide Sterilization--Product and Packaging Considerations in Industrial Ethylene Sterilization of Medical Devices, Arlington, VA, AAMI, 1981, p 10. 3. Perkins JJ, Principles and Methods of Sterilization in Health Sciences, Springfield, IL, Charles C. Thomas, 1983. 4. Kaye S, and Phillips CR, "The Sterilization Action of Gaseous Ethylene Oxide, IV: The Effect of Moisture," Am J Hyg, 50:296306, 1949. 5. Harris DC, Quantitative Chemical Analysis, New York, W.H. Freeman, 1982. 6. Manning CR, "Validating EtO Packaging/Sterilizer Configurations," Med Dev Diag Indust, 11(1):130136, 1990. 7. "Ethylene Oxide, Ethylene Chlorohydrin, and Ethylene Glycol-- Proposed Maximum Residue Limits and Maximum Levels of Exposure," Federal Register, 43 FR: 2747427483. 8. ISO 11135, section 7.2.1.1. The D-value is the inverse slope of the survivor curve. 9. Q10 values between 1.4 and 2.0 have been calculated for the Sterijet system. Cf. Richardson T, and Hyslop DB, "Enzymes," in Food Chemistry, Fennema O (ed), New York, Marcel Dekker, pp 412413, 1985.
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National Geographic Little Kids
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This is a spin - off of National Geographic Kids. It is for kids under kindergarten age and has no issues to date. Sources[edit]National Geographic Kids
74.36.214.155 20:34, 19 July 2007 (UTC)
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Misfile
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An article of Wikipédia, the free encyclopaedia. To go to: Navigation, To seek Misfile is a webcomic created by Chris Hazelton and started in Mars 2004. With the origin published each Monday, Wednesday and Friday, it from now on is published five times per week (of Monday to Friday). Kind: Comedy/Drama/Action/Lovesong Synopsis [masquer] * 1 history * 2 characters * 3 See also * 4 References * 5 Sources * 6 external Bonds [to modify] history What follows reveals key moments of the intrigue With the paradise, a particular administrative department the “celestial register of the data” is charged, thanks to descriptive files made up of series of numbers, to maintain the cohesion of each thing contained in our universe. The statistical data contained in each file determine the characteristics of the object, the animal or of the person in question. However, according to the rack in which a file will be classified, the data which it contains will be able to have a different interpretation. For example, the figure which characterizes the length of the hair of a person will characterize the thickness of the layer of grease of a whale if the file corresponding is placed in the rack dedicated to the Cetacea. Thus if a change in the classification of a file or data which it contains, were to occur, the systême would be adjusted consequently and the universe also consequently occasion. The angel Rumisiel (wire of Gabriel, and black sheep of its celestial family) arrived, thanks to its family relations, to take down an employment in one of the departments of the “register céléste of the data”, its consistent work thus to make sure that the good data land in the good files and that the files are classified as one needs it in the good racks. Unfortunately, Rumisiel which prone to a certain addiction with respect to certain substances with doubtful legality, is received one day or it was spirit to smoke of the cannabis, a surprised visit of its superiors herarchic. Trying in a desperate movement to save the pieces of furniture and appearances, whereas the latter réprimandaient it on its leave-outward journey and its lack of serious, with work, it arranged with goes-quickly the file of Ash Upton in a bad rack and pushed under the carpet some sheets belonging to the file of Emily McArthur. It was at this time there that its superiors discovered the joint that Rumisiel smoked right before their arrival and that it had funker in catastrophe. The immediate consequence of this fiasco was the reference of Rumisiel of its work, its banissement on ground for one unspecified duration and consequently its incapacity to correct the errors of file whose two teenagers were going soon to be discovered the victims. Thus, the following day Ash Upton young a 17 year old boy discovered with horror that it had been transformed into girl and that for the remainder of the universe it had always been a female specimen. Emily McArthur, a 18 year old girl, as for it had surprised the very unpleasant one to discover that the two last years of its life had been simply unobtrusive, that it were from now on again 16 years old and that the whole of the work which it had provided in order to be allowed to the university of Harvard had just been tiny room in dust. Then contacting two young people, Rumisiel put them at the fact reasons of their present situation and them explica that the only means at its disposal to rectify the shooting was to sufficient carry out good deeds on ground to then be able to recover its job. Only problême: it measuring rod nothing with the way in which the things occur on ground, always has “light” a problem of drug-addiction in addition to a “légêre” tendency to misuse on the level drink and is overall null as regards carrying out good deeds. To crown the whole, Ash and Emily are the only ones in addition to Rumisiel to being conscious of the changes than they underwent and are in more in the obligation to make as if nothing were not bus in the case or its blunder would be discovered by its former superiors, the latter would cover their backs by banissant it definitively and in “rectifying” the memories of the two teenagers, thus condemning them to make with the situation present in a final way. And thus us suivont adventures of our trio: * Ash will discover certain aspects of its new life, which it would have preferred never not to try out such as for example the need for using bra, sanitary towels, or for shaving the legs. Parallel to celà, it will try to be hung up again with its old identity while being investisant always more in its two passions: Mechanics and automobile piloting. It should be noted that a good part of the history of Misfile turns around the races and of the duels auquels Ash will take part. * Emily for its part will start to put questions concerning the importance of the notes that it ramêne, the work which it provided to reach in Harvard and if to enter this university the sorrow is worth some since the cost which it paid to reach that point was the total sacrifice of its spare time, of its hobbies and of its emotional life. Consequently of what it will start less and less to spend time to work (while managing to obtain more results school than correct) and to spend time with Ash more and more. What will lead them to become more and more near progressively with advanced of the history. * Rumisiel for its part will try (generally vainly) to improve and come to assistance of the two teenagers (what will be in addition the occasion to discover its natural talent to collect the blunders). [to modify] characters * Rumisiel - Angel of the third circle and black sheep of a highly respected celestial family. It was employed before with the “celestial register of the data” to the Paradise, a job that his/her brother obtained for him by piston. It is prone to “light” a tendency to force on certain drugs and the drink (what besides will cost him its station). It is also a glandor of first category as well as irresponsible notorious. Add to that its tendency natural to collect the blunders and you will have a good idea of the nightmare to which Ash and Emily face. In spite of celà it also has (sometimes) good moments and overall a good bottom. It resides at Ash and is made pass for his boy friend near the pêre and of knowledge of this last. * Ash “XR4Ti Ash” Upton - a 17 year old high-school pupil, a marked and sure nature of him, fanatic of cars and leading turbo XR4Ti 1989. Raise relatively average, he is on the other hand a racing driver of exception and most clearly spends his spare time to make mechanics or to take part in clandestine motor races. Of a rather right, just and generous naturalness, it is however considered by much marginal because of its hobby. Because of the blunder of Rumisiel, it from now on is wedged in a female body that it quickly learns how to hate and is now known by its entourage under the name of “Ashley”. It gradually will develop feelings with respect to Emily, which on a certain side largely will frustrate it being given its situation. * Emily McArthur - a 18 year old high-school girl, coldly allowed in Harvard and aillant so to speak sacrificed all its life to this end, pushed in that by an authoritative mother who hopes to be able to satisfy her thirst for academic success through her daughter. Brilliant pupil, it shows during the history that its school results are not the only fact of its eagerness to work but also of intellectual abilities clearly to the top of the average (which will enable him for example to assimilate the bases of mechanics in one only harms). The blunder of Rumisiel destroyed the fruits of its two last years of baited work, returning it so to speak to the “box departure” at the same time as in the body of a 16 year old girl. Taking initially much more badly than Ash their situation, it will start gradually by realizing perhaps that to return to Harvard is not worth the sorrow to devote as many efforts to it, especially if the direct consequence is to return it in addition unhappy and to make its emotional life a true disaster. It will start to devote more and more time to other-thing which its studies, and will consequently spend more and more time with Ash which will manage to interest him in mechanics and piloting. It will share the feelings that this last tests towards it, but will however not manage to see it as a boy what will produce at it a blocking. Of a relatively timid and unobtrusive nature at the beginning of the history, it will gain in insurance in contact with Ash. * Vashiel - Angel of the revenge and brother of Rumisiel thanks to which this last succeeded has to find an employment. Taking a leave in order to visit him, it unloads one fine day at Ash and settles there. In time that angel of the second circle, it is absolutely impossible for him to lie or to dissimulate the truth. Because of that, it is excluded that Ash, Emily or Rumisiel can put it in the confidence. Right, integrates, hard-working, honest, generous and respectful to the extreme of the code of honour of its kind, Vashiel is the perfect one opposed of his/her brother of which it shares the innate capacity however to accumulate the blunders. Awkward into its relationship with the women, it quickly falls in love with Ash and acknowledges to him at worst the possible moment. It also has a tendency marked enough to bleed of the nose when “impure thoughts” cross its spirit (what arrives to him relatively often and more particularly in the presence of Ash). * Kamikaze Kate - best the racing driver of the webcomic and incidentally the only person that Ash fears to face. His/her sister Angelica (another pilot) died during a race after other runners made it leave the road. Because of that Kate developed a very strong resentment towards any racing driver and adopted thereafter a suicidal behavior in race. It is accompanied by the phantom by her sister who is at the origin of her morbid impulses. Rumisiel will arrive at the exorciser, thus making it possible Kate to be again in peace with itself. It will become friendly with Ash which it will encourage to persevere in its passion. * Dr. Edward Upton - 45 years. Pêre de Ash as well as famous and respected gynaecologist who proves to be extremely awkward in his relationship with others. He is also the gynaecologist of Emily, which he admits without the least complex in public with the great shame of the latter. His wife, much younger than left it to him because of her tendency to completely want to control her life. It was then promised not to repeat the same error with Ash what led it to adopt a cold and distant attitude towards his/her son. However, it is shown much more affectionate, near and guard towards the female version to Ash what saddens this last enormously. * The mother of Ash - It left her husband whereas Ash was only 3 years old. It posed like model for catalogues of female linen room and works from now on in the branch marketing of the same company. Ash discovered with surprise that its female version saw his/her mother regularly whereas itself had more seen it since its departure. It will realize that this paradox is due to a letter which it wrote when it was 13 years old but poster did not dare, which its female alter-ego on the other hand made. * James - 19 years. The best friend of Ash and also that which taught him mechanics and piloting. Both were inseparable until James leaves for California in a private school automobile engineering the preceding summer the beginning the history. Crossing by chance on the road at the beginning of the holidays of end of the year, Ash will realize that the reports/ratios which its female version maintained with James were “slightly” different. * Cassiel - Angel of the third circle and Ex-small friend of Rumisiel with which this last lived during nearly 50 years before breaking the day or it realized that she had left with him to only be able to exploit her family relations and to take down a job with the “celestial register of the data”. Obsessed by the idea to make him pay the fact of having plated it, Cassiel does not hesitate to go down over ground in order to torpedo the efforts of Rumisiel to repurchase a control. It should be noted that although it is an angel, it is also the niece of Satan. [to modify] See also * Building 12 a webcomic published by the same author [to modify] References * The section dedicated to the characters on the official site [to modify] Sources * In its original version, this article included whole or part of the matter contained in the Misfile article, on English Wikipédia, in its version of August 30, 2006 with 02:27 (UTC) (see the history of the article of source).
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Luke M. Vaillancourt
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Luke M. Vaillancourt was born to Gary and Judith Vaillancourt (owners of Vaillancourt Folk Art [www.valfa.com]) of Sutton, MA in 1983. After graduating Worcester Academy (www.worcesteracademy.org; Worcester, MA) he attended Rochester Institute of Technology (www.rit.edu; Rochester, NY) where he earned his BS in New Media Publishing and MS in Contemporary Publishing Trends and Communication & Media Technology—enabling him to pursue his passion for the advertising industry. While in college, Luke spent countless hours as a freelance designer (http://www.lukeMV.com) working on web development, print design, and marketing consulting for companies around the United States. Luke continues to try to analyze and challenge contemporary publishing trends in advertising and has his researched published with the Printing Industry of America/Graphic Arts Technical Foundation(http://www.gain.net/eweb/DynamicPage.aspx?webcode=spotdetail&wps_key=43ea2721-f751-4d98-a754-228dc9cc44d1), and regularly contributes to his New Media/Advertising blog (http://www.lukeMV.com/talk). Sources[edit]Marketing4Digital: A Guide to Print Markets (Advertising). 2006, PIA/GATF (Pittsburgh, PA). Interactivity in Advertising(http://www.lulu.com/content/416284). 2006, Lulu.com (Rochester, NY). 66.189.127.200 20:52, 19 July 2007 (UTC)
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The Red Tie Affair
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The Red Tie Affair is a internationally recognized emo rock band based in Chicago, Illinois. They currently signed to Astral records out of Australia. The band members include : Brooke Blary vocals, Danny Kemp on guitar, Frank Nemec playing bass, and Sean Connors with percussion. The Red Tie Affair has played tours on both coasts of North America opening for bands Sunny Day Real Estate, Amy Winehouse, and Billy Corgan's Zwan. The band plays an eclectic brand of Chicago style indie rock. Heavily influenced by Chicago bands such as Hum and Smashing Pumpkins. The bad recently replaced long time alcoholic bassist Danny Michaels with bassist Frank Nemec. The split was caused by Danny's insaitable thirst for vodka, pills, and cocaine. Although Danny was a founding member of the band, the split was mutual between him and the rest of the band. His presence has been missed by fans. Besides Brooke Blary, he was the most widely recognized Red Tie Affair member. Known for witty stage interactions with fans, and down to earth enough to enjoy drinks with fans at the bar.
Sources[edit]67.165.159.154 20:59, 19 July 2007 (UTC)
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Philip McCallen
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 Phillip McCallen (born Portadown, Armagh[2]) is a Northern Ireland born former motorcycle racer, now turned to dealer in his retirement from road racing. McCallen is third in the list of all-time Isle of Man TT winners, with 11 race victories. Biography[edit]McCallen was born within yards of the Tandragee road racing circuit [3] McCallen is third in the list of all-time Isle of Man TT winners, with 11 race victories to his name. His first race on the famous circuit was in 1988 at the Manx Grand Prix, the amateur equivalent of the TT [4] The 1996 Isle of Man TT was the year where McCallen riding a Honda achieved four wins in a week - a record still unbeaten. He won all of the main races with Jim Moodie and Joey Dunlop picking up the smaller bike wins. Records[edit]
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Harris Newman
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Andrew earyes
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Yo this page is about andrew earyes, he is so cool. He owns many many noobs, however not as many as jason. lol Sources[edit]Melono6 22:52, 19 July 2007 (UTC)
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Venus Pencils
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Venus Pencils were a product of the American Lead pencil Company starting in 1905. They were produced in a total of seventeen degrees under the categories of very soft, soft, medium, hard, and very hard. Pencils were produced with either no eraser, a tip and eraser, or an oversized tip and eraser. In 1956, the American Lead Pencil Company officially changed their name to the Venus Pen and Pencil Corporation, thus turning their fifty one year old product into the company name. After some acquirements the company name was changed to Venus-Esterbrook in 1967. In 1973, the company was bought out by Faber Castell and their name was changed for the last time to the Faber Castell Corporation. This ended use of the Venus name and trademark. Sources[edit]http://www.pencilpages.com/mfg/amer.htm http://www.brandnamepencils.com/brands/american/index.shtml
64.131.21.170 00:33, 20 July 2007 (UTC)
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Princess Marcella Borghese
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Victor Singer
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Matt Carson
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“When a band of good ol boys from Virginia decide that American liberties have been breached once too often, the resulting revolution they launch is both clever and informed by a sense of irony that only true country boys can pull off. Matt Carson has written a story populated by great characters and an ingenious plot. Watch out for this budding story teller.” On A Hill They Call Capital is the story of eight Virginians in their twenties who pull off a revolution against the federal government, the most interesting facet of the story is that it takes place on October of 2008 causing many publishers to avoid putting their name to the story for fear of what might actually take place on this date resulting in the story being picked up and financed by the distributor and financed by unknown sources. Carson’s first book, The Attic, A Christmas Story, sold over 25,000 copies in it’s first season under his penname Matthew Amick (Amick is the author’s middle name). Matt Carson is also known as the founder of the Student Rights Administration at West Virginia University in 1996. At the time West Virginia University’s new President, David Hardesty, was set on ending the University’s reputation as a nationally ranked party school. Matt Carson on the other hand fought the president of the University on every level, especially from his seat as a staff writer for the school paper, the Daily Athenaeum, in order to maintain the schools reputation as a party school. The battle to keep fraternities “wet” and the pit (the area where students drank before and during football games) open to students and alcohol was ultimately won by Carson and the SRA.
Sources[edit]http://www.amazon.com/Attic-Christmas-Story-Matthew-Amick/dp/0967502403/ref=sr_1_1/102-2720364-9377769?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1184904185&sr=1-1 67.142.130.29 04:08, 20 July 2007 (UTC)
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Zdenek Vilemec
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Sources[edit]john beaumont 210.87.22.103 06:43, 20 July 2007 (UTC)
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Pala Narayanan Nair
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Pala Narayanan Nair (96) entered the arena of Malayalam poetry when lyricism was the dominant strain. Some critics have placed him along with the famous lyrical poets of the time Changampuzha Krishna Pillai and Edappaly Raghavan Pillai, the duo also known as Edappally poets. They were virtually reining the world of Malayalam poetry during the second quarter of the 20th Century. It is true that Pala is essentially a lyrical poet, but the true worth of his poetry should be assessed with different yardsticks. In every sense Pala is essentially a poet of Kerala “ God’s own Country” A good poet must have physical as well as spiritual relationship with his native place. This view has been supported by the famous English poet Stephen Spender. There is no other poet in Malayalam like Pala who has amalgamated all cultural stains of this geographical piece of land endowed with natural beauty, Its nature, history, culture, life, beauty, music, rhythm, all are speaking to us through his poetry with their elemental forces. Often they emanate the signals of warning about the degeneration of the moral values in modern society. They touch upon our conscience about the bygone ancient values of life. The real soul of Pala’s poetry is its spiritual power as Isaac Rousing Berg expresses the power of the Jew in his poetry or Walt Whitman expresses the life force of the American culture in his poetry. In a way it is exactly the ‘Hythem’ referred by T.S.Eliot. On deeper analysis, the poetry of Pala Narayanan Nair is built on the basement and the foundation of this power, right from his first poetry collection ‘Pookkal ‘ (‘Flowers’) to his latest on ‘Kumkumappookkal’ (Red Flowers’) this is very well evident. A poet of Kerala and Bharath[edit]“Is ‘Keralam Valarunnu’ (Kerala is Growing) is a huge garland of lyrical compositions, which are hymns to the spirit of Kerala that possesses a unique capacity for infinite growth and development for surrounding environmental obstructions and geographical boundaries” (Dr.M.Leelavathy). His poems pay tribute to the fascinating physical features of the land and the indomitable spiritual strength of the people. The fascinating natural beauty of Kerala inspires the poet to indulge in high poetic imagination. Pala absorbs into his poetry, the enthralling beauty of the Western Ghats. When he is immersed in its description he appears to be intoxicated by its unparallel beauty. This affinity may be because of his varied experiences in some alien lands while he served in the army during the Second World War. In ‘Keralam Valarunnu’ (Kerala Growing) he harbingers the collective senses of the people of this geographical area, which later became the state of Kerala. Thus he fulfilled one of the great historical tasks of combining the shattered emotions of the people towards their culture. Like in Walt Whitman’s poetry how the geography, the history and the culture of the people of America are echoing, in the poetry of Pala these elements are echoing and re-echoing. His emotional feelings towards Kerala are only a complementary element of his larger sense of patriotism towards Bharat thus the poet of Bharath in the wider sense. For him Bharath in the embodiment of all ancient values, visions cultures and civilizations. He seems to be very much enthused by the philosophy of Mahatma Gandhi – the philosophy that ultimately paved way for the freedom of the country. This feeling of patriotism is the spiritual through many of his poems covertly and overtly. [E.g. ‘Adima’ (The slave), ‘The Last Worship (Anthya pooja), Sathyaghahi, Bharath Samskaram (The Culture of Bharath) Bhagavath Geeta ‘ and also the poems on Gandhiji, Nehru and Tagore]. He is often anxious about the safety and security of the country and appears to be vigilant as a guard. He wants to be the guardian of the cultural values of the country, as he considers them as his life’s treasures. He foresees a foreign invasion of his sacred land. His poem ‘Kailasathil’ is a testimony of this. He wrote this poem much before the Chinese attacked our Motherland. His other poems like ‘Jnanoli’ and ‘Kurushetram’ are examples of this fathomless patriotic love. While footing firmly his poetry on the traditional floor, he expresses his diversified talents in so many other ways. He is always vigilant to the happenings around him, the vicissitudes of the human society, social, cultural and scientific. Often we see that a new knowledge of science give more enthusiasm and emotion to this poet. A new development in the field of science would be made part and parcel of his poetry, being his senses vigilant and awakened towards them. With a clairvoyants foresight he prophesied the conquering of moon by man (Aham Brahmasmi). For him the knowledge of science would be utilised for enriching the life upon this world, not for destroying it. The knowledge of science becomes a strong weapon in the hands of the poet to attack the superstitious beliefs. [egs. ‘Ahambhahmasmi’, ‘Anuragini’, ‘Karmanye vadhikaraste’, ‘Ahalya’, ‘Puspakanyaka’.] An evolutionary poet[edit]True that his poetry undergoes a systematic evolution. His poetry collection ‘Pournami’ testifies this natural as well as spontaneous evolution. Stephen Spender has opined that for what cause and noble aim a poet writes, when that is being achieved, it may not be good for the poet. It may hinder further inspiration of the poet. This is true of Pala. In some of his famous poems he dreams of a free India, but when freedom came at last, he is disillusioned and disappointed. (Like the Mahatma himself). These disillusionments made him angry, his sweet dreams of freedom being shattered. This has made so many other poets introverts and reclusive. But the poems he writes afterwards are for opening the deaf ears of those deflected for the path of true aims of freedom. There is no soar the poet of environment or high-sounding slogan of a revolutionary in thee poem, but the burning explosion of his mind is clearly discoverable. In the beautiful poem ‘Vanam’ he attacks the destroyers of forests, the boon of Mother Earth. This de- forestation is so cruel that he compares it to the murder of one’s mother. Poetic Craft All though his poetic life Pala seems to have followed systematically the rules of verification. His poem hint that these rules are not deliberately attributed to the poems (imposed for the poems) They are coming up spontaneously as the soul of his very inspiration to write poems while Modern poets are trying to renew the language, the words and the style of rendering, Pala adheres to his usual form of verification and has been trying to make it more perfect. No true poet (irrespective of his modernity) can discard altogether the rules of verification. Even in the age of computer and Internet this has been continuing. What we usually see today is that the vocabulary (the word power) of the most of the modern poets is limited to a minimum. The duty of (mission of) a true writer is that he should restore the relevance of words lost in the slough of oblivion due to the passage of time, not using the modern words time and again. It is poetry words connected with nature, trees, flowers, birds and festivals retained and retold. The modern poets have to get these lessons from poets like Pala, Edessery and Vailoppally. Pala uses symbols representing the realm of a world of ideas. Some times this symbols retraces and recollects some collective emotions and experiences of the past. This is a poetic process of modern poetry. The poet uses usually archetype for this. Pala achieves this by ecstatic poetic pulses (illustration). He dissolves symbols and images in to the whole collective emotions of the poem there by evoking a new experience in the reader. The revolution of the earth around the Sun is a search for comfort – the clouds from which rain is to come. In the deeper analysis it is seen that the thirst not only for the rain, it is for some lost fortunes, pure beauty, some beauty of life that is lost forever. [The cloud is God Krishna – the rain is Holy Gita – the Earth become Radha who is searching for Krishna, the rain – The echoes of Holy Gita can be discernable in Gitamrutha mazha, Vjaya maha radha, Janaoli, Bhavavaht Gita, kurushetram etc. There is a rich world of puranic allusion beautifully dissolving in to poems, beautifully dissolving into his poems. Allusions and Echoing of the poet[edit]Echoes and reactions of the past in the poetry is a modern poetic device. He quotes Gita and ancient texts often in his poems. He recreates the atmosphere of Kurukshetra and produces the same echoes in the past. He collects the very same experience of the past and connects them with present enlivening them like T.S. Eliot. (E.g. Poems Jnanoli, Averthanam, Dukhajyala – begins with a verse from Gita. The poet can communicate the depth the very same emotion by this devise. Conclusion[edit]Pala’s preserving verification lashing more than seven decades remains a wonder in the whole literary world. It seems that he is searching for perfection the heavenly task of a poet even today. In this he is comparable to William Wordsworth, Sumithranand Panth and Mahadevi Varma. They sustain the very same vision about poetry and its mission. Great poets have three qualities, abundance proliferation, variety and poetic techniques. Pala is a great poet in this respect. - Dr.H.Sadasivan Pillai Principal
D.B.college
Kizhoor, Thalayolaparambu.
Kottayam Dist
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Scitation
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Anton Shunin
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Sources[edit]www.footballdatabase.com 91.84.54.127 12:11, 20 July 2007 (UTC)
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Michael L.Littman
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Michael L.Littman is a professor at Rutgers Univeristy. His research interests are Reinforcement Learning .
Sources[edit]59.93.60.239 12:15, 20 July 2007 (UTC)
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Godzilla X the Kaiju Killer
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Godzilla X the Kaiju Killer is a Fan made film by TinyToho pruductions it is a fan spin off of the Godzilla Series it is about Godzilla coming face to face with the kaijuStalkuus who resembles a dragon/spinosaurus hybrid. Godzilla has a finalgoji biogoji look to it while stalkus resembles MonsterX
Sources[edit]www.youtube.com/Huntie www.picso.co.uk/TheKaijuKiller
82.10.84.111 12:58, 20 July 2007 (UTC)
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Sarah Hanley
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Biggest brat in all the history of the world*. (Cite- http://www.myspace.com/kittykatt113)
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Samuel Miller
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Samuel Miller is an Australian musician. He currently plays drums and percussion in Sydney indie-rock band Line Drawings, and progressive rock band Not Quite Velvet. Sources[edit]http://www.notquitevelvet.com/Band.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Line_Drawings_%28Band%29 http://profile.myspace.com/index.cfm?fuseaction=user.viewprofile&friendid=208121980 Saulmojehn 14:22, 20 July 2007 (UTC)
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Pu Tang
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Pu Tang was a warrior from the late jin dynasty period,born from Wu ancestors it was said he was a decendent of the graet Lu Meng.At a early age he started planning for his future,he n friends took control of many playgrounds across the lands.Pu Tang was known for his insane beauty,it was said he was so hansome he made girls cry. At the age of 20 he had grown strong and had a high rank in the jin army,but was plotting to rule himself one day.one day while wondering the country side he came across a warrior by the name of Kim Zim Sim.He instantly attacked him knowing it would be a true test of his skills.the battle grew long into the night and then both Pu and Kim agreed to a draw.they then became good friends.Kim Zim Sim was employed by Pu Tang as his top body gaurd. years later after Pu Tang had become well known through out the land and feared by the royal court he decided to make his move.He,Kim Zim Sim,and his follower began to plot.After many secret meeting with local warlords and mongals he decided to attack. The Pu Tang forces attacked the suronding lands around Jin capitol then began the extermination of Jin.After a few years of fighting Kim Zim Sim forged a plan to destroy Jin.He defected to Jin and began driving back Tang forces.Not knowing of his plan Pu Tang was devastated and grew il.Jins morale was at a all time high and now began to mobilize around Pu Tang. Fearing it was the end he decided to take his own life,but just as he was about too a letter was brought to him.It was from Kim Zim Sim,in it he stated his master plan and details of the Jin army.Overjoyed with the news Pu Tang and brother Pu Ping ralleid allies and marched to the Jin capitol. The End Of Jin Pu Tang forces enterd the open city gates due to the awsomeness of Kim Zim Sim,and began a night raid of the castle.two days later the Jin army was defeated and the royal family was publicly beaten by Pu Ping.And so began the Tang dynasty. Sources[edit]Romance of the three kingdoms
Warriors of china
The Tang
http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary:Requested_articles
76.237.182.22 14:26, 20 July 2007 (UTC)
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Gołubieński Botanical Garden
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Sources[edit]http://www.golubie.pl/ http://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Go%C5%82ubie%C5%84ski_Ogr%C3%B3d_Botaniczny 87.49.113.210 14:33, 20 July 2007 (UTC)
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Mia Mia Aboriginal Art Gallery
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Mia Mia Gallery
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58.163.152.94 16:06, 20 July 2007 (UTC)
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Pinball 2000
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DHP
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Sources[edit]83.128.21.116 20:04, 20 July 2007 (UTC)
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Costdeuoto (new language)
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The new language Costdeuoto is a created language that has many new letters like: Š, Ž, Ç, µ, Ñ, and others! Visit the website www.costdeuoto.tripod.com Topgachhi rocks!!! Literally...
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Letting Up Despite Great Faults
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Lee now plays with 3 other musicians and although he grew up in Los Angeles, his three other bandmates, are from Canada, Texas, and Virginia. Patrick Staples, who also studies at the Colburn music conservatory in Los Angeles, plays guitar. Kent Zambrana, who recently moved from Texas after graduation, plays bass. Nia Allen plays the cello. On August 15, 2006, the EP, Movement, was released. This was their first official release. There are rumors that a full-length will be out sometime in 2008. On May 30, 2007, "Disasters Are Okay" (the 1st track off Movement) was featured on an episode of One Tree Hill.
Sources[edit]http://phobos.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewAlbum?playListId=193308752 http://www.oth-music.com/episode419.html http://music.download.com/lettingup/3600-8362_32-100931876.html http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=5685708 http://www.3hive.com/2005/12/letting_up_despite_great_fault.php http://www.artistdirect.com/nad/music/artist/bio/0,,2487359,00.html http://music.for-robots.com/archives/000961.html http://www.shiftedsound.com/?p=85 http://www.myspace.com/lettingup http://www.createfixate.com/pastshows/dec06/dec06.html 12.188.84.18 21:12, 20 July 2007 (UTC)
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Rob Jewell
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McDrunkel
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Recipe: The McDrunkel is a strong alcoholic drink, using anything and everything you have around you. Just mix all liquor you have (please keep it just to liquor, no beer or wine, that's just stupid) into a big blender, add some ice, and a hint of juice or a mixer for added color, make sure not to add very much. Now serving in bars near you.
Sources[edit]www.myspace.com/mcdrunkel 68.10.63.5 21:26, 20 July 2007 (UTC)
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Team Tomato
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Team Toamto: Brian Wiegert: guitar/vocals/piano Eric Clay: guitar/vocals Jordan Ross: bass/vocals Luis Actis: drums Biography of the band:[edit]Team Tomato recently released their self-titled third official LP to local, critical and popular acclaim. Hailing from St. Louis longtime friends Brian Wiegert, Jordan Ross, Eric Clay, and Luis Actis have performed in various ensembles of various genres for over a decade. Now, they play something they can call their own - from big choruses and driving guitar solos, delivered sans irony, to dissonance and deconstruction. This is where Team Tomato explodes- they create fractured wordplay winding its way over muddied slide guitars, delayed atmospheres, and all-out rock hooks. "What does Team Tomato sound like? Take the grungy garage rock of Guided by Voices, then throw in the twisted pop melodies and burnt-sugar twang of 1980s R.E.M. and some ragged bar band bluster." – Annie Zaleski, Music Editor, Riverfront Times St. Louis ([15]) Their last self-recorded and self-produced album Words and Skin and Bone, which won them a best local release nomination for 2004 in the Playback magazine, and brought them to Los Angeles to accept the 2005 D.I.Y. Album of The Year[16] award, was the work of a band only just beginning to find its sound. "Team Tomato's songs are skillfully-crafted and densely layered; infused with catchy hooks, haunting melodies and impressive jams which demonstrate a maturity level that reaches well beyond the band members' years." -Michelle Ulsohn, Playback STL[17]. The band's first attempt at creating an album together also garnered a finalist spot in the VH1 Song of the Year competition[18] for the title track, and propelled them to the final round of the regional Emergenza competition. They were recently nominated for Best St. Louis Rock Band, and were mentioned in the USA Today Pop Candy blog[19] in July 2007 ([20]). Team Tomato is currently working on music videos for their new album and remixing their award-winning LP Words and Skin And Bone. Discography[edit]Teamwork Helps Us All Words and Skin and Bone LP1 Lie Down With Dogs LP2 Team Tomato LP3 Links[edit]
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Hejrat Foundation
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The Crafty Badger
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This article is a work in progress and will be finished in the near future. Sources[edit]88.106.214.242 23:26, 20 July 2007 (UTC)
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RJ Tungol
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RJ Tungol is an owner of a local Virginian clothing line. He and his friend have established a movement. RJ is also known for profiting for the needy. The clothing line is known to be ci7y clothing, name created from 7 cities also known as the seven major cities of Virginia. He has made an impact on his local community by showing propaganda through the designs which has made heads turn as they happen to see one. His well known design "the bandito" has made a little spark through t.v. and famous hip hop artist, including, recently on BET, Nickelus F. Sources[edit]"The Beach" magazine/www.ci7y.com 72.218.4.38 00:01, 21 July 2007 (UTC)
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