Usuario:Luddus/Borrador/La Fundación de una República

Jiàn Gúo Dà Yè (tradicional) 建國大業 (simplificado) 建国大业
Título	La Fundación de una República (The Founding of a Republic)
Ficha técnica
Dirección	Huang Jianxin; Han Sanping;
Producción	Huang Jianxin; Han Sanping
Guion	Chen Baoguang; Wang Xingdong
Música	Shu Nan
Fotografía	Zhao Xiaoshi
Montaje	Xu Hongyu
Protagonistas	Tang Guoqiang; Zhang Guoli; Xu Qing; Liu Jin; Chen Kun; Wang Wufu
Datos y cifras
País	China
Año	2009
Género	Drama, Histórico, Bélico
Duración	138
Idioma(s)	Chino mandarín
Compañías
Productora	China Film Group; Shanghai Film Studio; Media Asia Entertainment Group; Emperor Entertainment Group; Universe Entertainment; Polybona Films; China Movie Channel; Beijing Guoli Changsheng Movies & TV Productions; Beijing Hualu Baina Film & TV Production; Jiangsu Broadcasting Corporation; DMG Entertainment; Beijing Xinbaoyuan Movie & TV Investment
Distribución	China Film Group; Beijing Polybona Film Distribution (China); Universe Films Distribution (Hong Kong)
Presupuesto	8.8–10 mill. $8 800 000 USD/10 000 000 USD
Recaudación	62 000 000 USD
Sucesión de películas

La Fundación de una República es una película china de género dramático-histórico, dirigida por Huang Jianxin y Han Sanping estrenada en 2009. La producción contó un fuerte apoyo estatal y un amplio elenco de actores chinos de fama, sirviendo para conmemorar el 60º Aniversario de la fundación de la República Popular China.

Argumento

En 1945, tras el final de la Segunda guerra sino-japonesa, Mao Zedong y los miembros del Partido Comunista de China (PCCh) viajan a Chongqing para reunirse con Chiang Kai-shek y el Kuomintang (KMT). Con la ayuda de la Liga Democrática de China, el KMT y el PCCh firman una acuerdo por el cual ambas partes se comprometen a finalizar la guerra civil y a establecer un gobierno multipardista en China. Al año siguiente se convoca por primera vez la Conferencia Consultiva Política del Pueblo Chino.

Sin embargo, poco después Chiang Kai-shek convoca unilateralmente la Asamblea Nacional de la República de China en Nankín, donde es elegido Presidente de la República. Las conversaciones d paz entre el PCCh y el KMT fracasan y se reanuda la guerra civil. Otras líderes políticos como Zhang Lan, de la Liga Democrática de China; Soong Ching-ling viuda de Sun Yat-sen; y Li Jishen, militar y fundador del Comité Revolucionario del Kuomintang deciden apoyar al PCCh debido a su oposición al nuevo gobierno de Chang Kai-shek.

En mayo de 1948, el PCCh declara el inicio de una "guerra de liberación" contra el gobierno de Chang Kai-shek. Otros partidos políticos, como la Liga Democrática de China, y el Comité Revolucionario del Kuomintang se sitúan al lado del PCCh. El comunista Ejército de Liberación Popular logra varias victorias contra el Ejército Nacional Revolucionario del KMT, que tendrá que retirarse posteriormente a Taiwan. El 1 de octubre de 1949, tras una nueva convocatoria de la Conferencia Consultiva Política del Pueblo Chino, Mao Zedong proclama la República Popular de China con capital en Pekín.

Producción

Con vistas a conmemorar el 60º Aniversario de la proclamación de la República Popular China, esta película contó con un fuerte apoyo de la productora estatal china (China Film Group Corporation) y del propio Partido Comunista de China. El amplio reparto recoge a estrellas del cine chino contemporáneo como Andy Lau, Leon Lai, Zhang Ziyi, Donnie Yen, Jackie Chan, Jet Li, Zhao Wei, Chen Kaige y John Woo. Muchos de los actores del reparto disminuyeron o renunciaron a su caché, lo que explica el modesto presupuesto de la película para su contenido épico.

Temas

Con un tono decididamente épico^[2] , la película narra el ascenso del Partido Comunista de China al poder durante la guerra civil, y la fundación del actual régimen político chino. Se centra en el papel jugado por las principales figuras políticas de la época, así como el papel de Estados Unidos.

Recepción

Logró la mayor recaudación en China continental^[3].

Calificada como película propagandística. Aunque la película se estrenó el 17 de septiembre en China continental, el estreno en Taiwan se retrasó debido a que ya se había superado la cuota anual de diez películas continentales. El gobierno de Taiwán declaró que no tenía intención de censurar activamente la película^[4].

Although the film premiered on September 17, 2009 in mainland China, it has yet to receive publicity in Taiwan. The film was produced with the backing of the Communist Party, but in response to reactions outside Mainland China, Huang Jianxin, the film's co-director, "has said it was unfair to describe The Founding of a Republic as propaganda, since modern Chinese audience were too sophisticated to swallow a simplistic rendering of history." While the Taiwan government has asserted that it has no plans to actively censor the film, it has yet to be released because Taiwan's 2009 annual quota of 10 mainland films was already reached.

The film retells the tale of the Communist ascendancy and triumph, and has a star-studded cast including , many of whom make cameo appearances so brief they could be easily missed; the leading roles are played by actors equally renowned in China, such as Tang Guoqiang and Zhang Guoli, but they are less well-known internationally. A CFG spokesman said many stars answered Han Sanping's call to appear in the film, and waived their fee. Thus, the movie kept to its modest budget of 60–70 million yuan (US$8.8–$10 million). According to the executive at one of China's top multiplex chains, the film unusually marries "the core of an 'ethically inspiring' film with commercial packaging."^[5]

Cast

Main figures

Actor	Role	Description
Tang Guoqiang	Mao Zedong	Chairman of the CCP, later Chairman of the PRC
Zhang Guoli	Chiang Kai-shek	President of the ROC
Xu Qing	Soong Ching-ling	Sun Yat-sen's wife; later Vice Chairwoman of the PRC
Liu Jin	Zhou Enlai	Vice Chairman of the CCP, later Premier of the PRC
Chen Kun	Chiang Ching-kuo	Chiang Kai-shek's son; Youth League of the Three People's Principles leader, later President of the ROC
Wang Wufu	Zhu De	Commander-in-chief of the Red Army, later Vice Chairman of the PRC
Wang Xueqi	Li Zongren	Vice President of the ROC
Liu Sha	Liu Shaoqi	CCP Central Committee secretary, later Chairman of the PRC
Wang Jian	Ren Bishi	CCP Central Committee secretary
Jin Xin	Li Jishen	NRA general, later Vice Chairman of the PRC
Wang Bing	Zhang Lan	Chairman of the China Democratic League, later Vice Chairman of the PRC
Vivian Wu	Soong May-ling	Chiang Kai-shek's wife and Soong Ching-ling's sister; later First Lady of the ROC
Xiu Zongdi	Fu Zuoyi	Chairman of Chahar government, later PRC Water Resources Minister

Chinese Communist Party figures

Actor	Role	Description
Huang Wei	Deng Yingchao	Zhou Enlai's wife; later CPPCC Chairwoman
Shi Xin	Deng Xiaoping	CCP Central Committee secretary, later Chairman of the CMC
Zong Liqun	Peng Dehuai	Second-in-command of the Red Army, later Vice Chairman of the CMC
You Liping	Lin Biao	Red Army general, later Vice Chairman of the PRC
Che Xiaotong	Liu Bocheng	Red Army general, later Marshal of the PLA
Zhao Yong	He Long	Red Army general, later Marshal of the PLA and Vice Premier of the PRC
Gu Wei	Chen Yi	Red Army general, later Foreign Minister of the PRC
Sun Jitang	Luo Ronghuan	Red Army general, later Marshal of the PLA
Wang Jun	Xu Xiangqian	Red Army general, later Marshal of the PLA
Ao Yang	Nie Rongzhen	Red Army general, later Marshal of the PLA
Ye Jin	Ye Jianying	Red Army general, later Vice Chairman of the CCP Central Committee
Hou Yong	Chen Geng	Red Army general
Zhao Ningyu	Liu Yalou	Red Army general
Zhang Erdan	Jiang Qing	Mao Zedong's wife
Xie Gang	Gao Gang	Vice Chairman of the CCP Central Committee, later Vice Chairman of the State Planning Commission
Wang Huaying	Pan Hannian	CCP politician, later Deputy Mayor of Shanghai
Huang Xiaoming	Li Yinqiao	Mao Zedong's chief bodyguard
Ma Yue	Yan Changling	Mao Zedong's chief bodyguard
Donnie Yen	Tian Han	Lyricist for March of the Volunteers, later member of the PRC Culture Ministry
Xu Fan	Liao Mengxing	Liao Zhongkai and He Xiangning's daughter; Soong Ching-ling's secretary, later member of the All-China Women's Federation
Chen Hao	Fu Dongju	Fu Zuoyi's daughter; People's Daily reporter
Chen Daoming	Yan Jinwen	Deputy leader of Shanghai Investigative Branch of State Secrets Department
Zhang Ziyi	Gong Peng	PRC Foreign Affairs Ministry official

Kuomintang figures

Actor	Role	Description
Leon Lai	Cai Tingkai	NRA general, later CCP member
Chen Kaige	Feng Yuxiang	Chiang Kai-shek's sworn brother, NRA general, Vice President of National Military Council
Jiang Wen	Mao Renfeng	Head of BIS
Hu Jun	Gu Zhutong	Commander-in-chief of NRA; later Chief of staff of NRA
Andy Lau	Yu Jishi	NRA general
Chen Baoguo	Zhou Zhirou	NRA Air Force general
Jet Li	Chen Shaokuan	NRA Navy admiral, later NPC member
Xiao Wenge	He Yingqin	NRA general
You Yong	Bai Chongxi	NRA general
Li Qiang	Chen Cheng	NRA general, later Vice President of the ROC
Yang Xiaodan	Zhang Zhizhong	NRA general, later CCP member
Tong Dawei	Kong Lingkan	Kung Hsiang-hsi and Soong Ai-ling's son
Cao Kefan	Wu Kuo-chen	Mayor of Shanghai, later Governor of Taiwan Province
Zhong Xinghuo	Huang Shaoxiong	Vice President of Control Yuan, later NPC member
Xia Gang	Shao Lizi	NRA secretary, later NPC member
Ding Zhicheng	Lu Guangsheng	BIS agent
Tao Zeru	Wu Tiecheng	Vice President of Legislative Yuan, later Senior Advisor to the Office of the President of the ROC
Xu Huanshan	Yu Youren	President of Control Yuan
Zhao Xiaoshi	Sun Fo	Sun Yat-sen's son; President of Legislative Yuan
Sun Xing	Du Yuming	NRA general
Lin Dongfu	Gan Jiehou	Li Zongren's private secretariat representative
Ye Xiaojian	Tai Chi-tao	President of Examination Yuan
Zhang Hanyu	Liu Congwen

China Democratic League figures

Actor	Role	Description
Ge Cunzhuang	Tan Pingshan	KMT Revolutionary Committee member
Zhang Shizhong	Shen Junru	CDL member, later President of the PRC Supreme People's Court
Bi Yanjun	Luo Longji	CDL member, later CCP member
Wu Gang	Wen Yiduo	Poet, CDL member
Qiao Lisheng	Guo Moruo	Author, poet, historian, archaeologist; later President of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
Deng Chao	Xu Beihong	Artist, later President of the China Central Academy of Fine Arts
Li Bin	He Xiangning	Artist, CDL member, later CCP member
Zhang Qiufang	Li Dequan	Feng Yuxiang's wife; member of the KMT Revolutionary Committee, later PRC Health Minister
Liu Yiwei	Li Huang	Chinese Youth Party founder

Other notable historical figures

Actor	Role	Description
Feng Xiaogang	Du Yuesheng	Shanghai Green Gang boss
John Woo	Liu Wenhui	Sichuan warlord
Feng Yuanzheng	Philip Fugh	John Leighton Stuart's personal assistant

Foreign political figures

Actor	Role	Description
Aleksandr Pavlov	Joseph Stalin	Soviet Union leader
Donald Eugene McCoy	George Marshall	United States military leader, later Secretary of State and Secretary of Defense
Donald Freeman	Patrick J. Hurley	United States Ambassador to China
Leslin H Collings	John Leighton Stuart	United States Ambassador to China, President of Yenching University

Fictional characters

Actor	Role
Sun Honglei	Hu Liwei, Central Daily News reporter
Fan Wei	Guo Bencai, Mao Zedong's cook
Liu Ye	Red Army old soldier
Ge You	Red Army Fourth Division leader
Wang Baoqiang	Red Army Fourth Division soldiers
Wang Xuebing	Red Army Fourth Division soldiers
Huang Shengyi	Xinhua News Agency broadcaster
Jackie Chan	Reporter interviewing Li Jishen
Chen Hong	Reporter interviewing Zhang Lan
Li Youbin	Newspaper agency head
Zhang Jianya	Chiang Kai-shek's deputy
Lian Jin	Zhou Zhirou's deputy
Sun Xing	Yu Jishi's deputy
Guo Xiaodong	NRA officer
Liu Ye	KMT police officers
Huang Zixuan	KMT police officers
Guo Degang	Cameraman
Zhang Shen	Translator accompanying Liu Shaoqi to the Soviet Union
Gong Beibi	Red Army female soldiers
He Lin
Yang Ruoxi
Che Yongli
Tony Leung Ka-fai	CPPCC members
Feng Gong
Zhao Wei
Miao Pu
Dong Xuan
Chen Shu
Ning Jing
Shen Aojun
Wang Yajie
Zhao Baoyue
Wang Fuli

Véase también

República de China (1912-1949)

Referencias

↑ Box Office Mojo. «Jian Guo Da Ye (The Founding of a Republic)» (en inglés). Consultado el 21 de mayo de 2014.
↑ Foster, Peter (17 de septiembre de 2009). «Epic film The Founding of a Republic marks 60 years of Chinese Communism». The Telegraph (en inglés) (Pekín). Consultado el 21 de mayo de 2014.
↑ Child, Ben (21 de octubre de 2009). «Founding epic becomes China's biggest homegrown film». The Guardian (en inglés). Consultado el 21 de mayo de 2014.
↑ «Taiwan says it won't censor China propaganda film». NewsOk (en inglés) (Hong Kong). Associated Press. 3 de septiembre de 2013. Consultado el 21 de mayo de 2014.
↑ Lee, Min (3 September 2009). «China injects star power into anniversary film».

Zoher, Abdoolcarim (8 de octubre de 2009). «Reshooting History in a New China Film». Time (en inglés). Consultado el 21 de mayo de 2014.
Elley, Derek (12 de octubre de 2009). «Review: ‘The Founding of a Republic’». Variety (en inglés). Consultado el 21 de mayo de 2014.
Yang, Xiyung (24 de junio de 2011). «People, You Will See This Film. Right Now.». The New York Times (en inglés) (Pekín). Consultado el 21 de mayo de 2014.

Enlaces externos

Wikimedia Commons alberga una galería multimedia sobre Luddus/Borrador/La Fundación de una República.
The Founding of a Republic en Internet Movie Database (en inglés).
The Founding of a Republic at the Chinese Movie Database

[[Category:Andy Lau] [[Category:2009 films] [[Category:Chinese films] [[Category:Mandarin-language films] [[Category:2000s drama films] [[Category:Films directed by Huang Jianxin] [[Category:Chinese Civil War films]

[1] Box Office Mojo. «Jian Guo Da Ye (The Founding of a Republic)» (en inglés). Consultado el 21 de mayo de 2014.

[2] Foster, Peter (17 de septiembre de 2009). «Epic film The Founding of a Republic marks 60 years of Chinese Communism». The Telegraph (en inglés) (Pekín). Consultado el 21 de mayo de 2014.

[3] Child, Ben (21 de octubre de 2009). «Founding epic becomes China's biggest homegrown film». The Guardian (en inglés). Consultado el 21 de mayo de 2014.

[4] «Taiwan says it won't censor China propaganda film». NewsOk (en inglés) (Hong Kong). Associated Press. 3 de septiembre de 2013. Consultado el 21 de mayo de 2014.

[5] Lee, Min (3 September 2009). «China injects star power into anniversary film».

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]