胱天蛋白酶6
胱天蛋白酶6（英語：Caspase 6）是人類中由CASP6基因編碼的一種酶。[5][6]許多可獲得完整基因組數據的哺乳動物中都已鑑定出CASP6直向同源物。[7]鳥類、蜥蜴、滑體動物和真骨類中也存在獨特的直系同源物。胱天蛋白酶6在亨廷頓舞蹈症和阿茲海默症的細胞凋亡、[8]早期免疫反應[9][10]和神經變性中具有重要功能。[11]
作用
[編輯]該基因編碼的蛋白質是胱天蛋白酶家族的成員。胱天蛋白酶的連續活化在細胞凋亡的執行階段發揮着核心作用。[8]胱天蛋白酶以無活性的酶原形式存在，在保守的天冬氨酸殘基處經歷蛋白水解加工，產生一大一小兩個亞基，然後二聚化形成活性酶。該蛋白由胱天蛋白酶7、8和10加工，被認為是胱天蛋白酶活化級聯中的下游酶。胱天蛋白酶6也可以在沒有胱天蛋白酶家族其他成員的情況下進行自我加工。[12]該基因的選擇性剪接產生了編碼不同亞型的兩個轉錄變體。[13]
胱天蛋白酶6通過去抑制在早期免疫反應中發揮作用。它降低免疫抑制劑細胞因子白血球介素10[9]的表達，並裂解巨噬細胞上表達的IRAK-M來抑制巨噬細胞。[10]
對於神經變性，胱天蛋白酶6可以裂解亨廷頓舞蹈症中的亨廷頓蛋白（HTT）和阿茲海默症中的前類澱粉蛋白質（APP）。這兩種情況都會導致片段的蛋白質聚集。[11]
相互作用
[編輯]胱天蛋白酶6已被證明與胱天蛋白酶8發生相互作用。[14][15][16]
參見
[編輯]參考文獻
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拓展閱讀
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