2019冠狀病毒病尼泊爾疫情

2019冠狀病毒病尼泊爾疫情
2019冠狀病毒病尼泊爾疫情
疾病	2019冠狀病毒病
病毒株	嚴重急性呼吸道症候群冠狀病毒2型
地點	尼泊爾
指示病例	巴格馬蒂省加德滿都區（英語：Kathmandu District）
首例確診日期	2020年1月9日; (4年9個月2周又6天)
首次爆發地	中華人民共和國湖北省武漢市
政府網站
	COVID-19 Dashboard (MoHP) ; Nepal COVID-19 Monitor (NDRRMA)
醫學聲明

2019冠狀病毒病尼泊爾疫情是指發生在尼泊爾境內的由嚴重急性呼吸道症候群冠狀病毒2型引起的2019冠狀病毒病疫情。尼泊爾的首例病例出現於2020年1月23日，當時一名31歲的學生於當年1月9日從武漢市返回加德滿都，隨後該學生的病毒檢測呈陽性^[1]。這也是南亞地區記錄的第一例COVID-19病例^[2]。

2020年1月至3月期間，尼泊爾採取了一些措施來阻止疫情蔓延，同時採購必要的設備和藥品，改善衛生基礎設施，培訓醫務人員，以及普及公眾防護意識，為疫情爆發做準備。從1月中旬開始，尼泊爾在特里布萬國際機場以及與印度交界的檢查站設立了衛生站。後來尼泊爾與印度和中國的陸地邊界被完全封鎖，所有國際航班均暫停。所有學術考試被取消，學校和學院被關閉。全國各地建立起檢疫中心和臨時醫院，醫院增加加護病房和隔離病房並升級和擴大實驗室設施。

尼泊爾的第一例本地傳播病例4月4日出現於凱拉利縣。第一例死亡病例出現於5月14日。2020年3月24日，尼泊爾開始全國封鎖，此次封鎖於2020年7月21日結束^[3]。2021年1月27日，尼泊爾開始注射COVID-19疫苗。 ^[4]

受到2019冠狀病毒病印度疫情影響，尼泊爾疫情2021年5月初的每日確診率較4月中旬上升1200%^[5]。截至2021年5月8日，尼泊爾衛生和人口部（英語：Ministry of Health and Population (Nepal)）（MoHP）證實全國共有385,890名病例，其中298,765人已康復，3,632人死亡。此次疫情遍及尼泊爾所有的行政區^[6]。

此次疫情迫使尼泊爾取消了2020年訪問尼泊爾（英語：Visit Nepal 2020）旅遊活動。由於疫情對尼泊爾旅遊業、匯款、製造業、建築業和貿易產生影響^[7]，該國的經濟將大幅下滑。世界銀行表示，此次疫情可能使該國約三分之一的人口處於貧窮門檻以下（即每天花費1.9美元）^[8]。

參考文獻

^ Shrestha, Ranish; Shrestha, Sunil; Khanal, Pratik; Kc, Bhuvan. Nepal's first case of COVID-19 and public health response. Journal of Travel Medicine. 2020-05-18, 27 (3): taaa024. ISSN 1195-1982. PMC 7107523 . PMID 32104884. doi:10.1093/jtm/taaa024. One confirmed case in Nepal was a native student, studying in Wuhan, with symptom onset on 3 January 2020. The infected 32-year-old male had returned on 9 January to spend winter holidays in Nepal... On 23 January 2020, the test results came back confirming COVID-19, although the man had been discharged.
^ Nepal Reports South Asia's First Confirmed Case Of Deadly Coronavirus. NDTV.com. [2020-05-21]. （原始內容存檔於2020-01-24）.
^ Pradhan, Tika R. Government decides to lift the four-month-long coronavirus lockdown, but with conditions. Kathmandu Post. 2020-07-21 [2020-07-22]. （原始內容存檔於2020-07-22）. The government has announced an end of the nationwide lockdown that it had imposed starting March 24 to contain the spread of Covid-19. Minister for Finance and Communication Yubaraj Khatiwada, who is also the government spokesperson, told a press briefing that Monday's Cabinet meeting had decided to lift the lockdown effective from Tuesday midnight with a few restrictions such as a ban on large gatherings still in place.
^ COVID-19 vaccination drive to commence from Wednesday in Nepal. The Himalayan Times. 2021-01-24 [2021-01-24]. （原始內容存檔於2021-02-20）.
^ 上游新聞. 印度疫情外溢亚洲多国遭病毒肆虐尼泊尔感染率增1200%. [2021-05-08]. （原始內容存檔於2021-05-12）.
^ 206 Nepalis die of coronavirus across the globe as of Saturday evening. My Republica. 2020-07-26 [2021-02-12]. （原始內容存檔於2020-07-26）.
^ Govt to carry out impact assessment of coronavirus on economy. The Himalayan Times. 2020-03-06 [2020-03-24]. （原始內容存檔於2020-03-31）.
^ COVID-19 could push nearly one-third of Nepal's population below poverty line: World Bank report. Xinhua News Agency. 2020-07-23 [2020-07-27]. （原始內容存檔於2020-07-27）.

[1] Shrestha, Ranish; Shrestha, Sunil; Khanal, Pratik; Kc, Bhuvan. Nepal's first case of COVID-19 and public health response. Journal of Travel Medicine. 2020-05-18, 27 (3): taaa024. ISSN 1195-1982. PMC 7107523 . PMID 32104884. doi:10.1093/jtm/taaa024. One confirmed case in Nepal was a native student, studying in Wuhan, with symptom onset on 3 January 2020. The infected 32-year-old male had returned on 9 January to spend winter holidays in Nepal... On 23 January 2020, the test results came back confirming COVID-19, although the man had been discharged.

[2] Nepal Reports South Asia's First Confirmed Case Of Deadly Coronavirus. NDTV.com. [2020-05-21]. （原始內容存檔於2020-01-24）.

[3] Pradhan, Tika R. Government decides to lift the four-month-long coronavirus lockdown, but with conditions. Kathmandu Post. 2020-07-21 [2020-07-22]. （原始內容存檔於2020-07-22）. The government has announced an end of the nationwide lockdown that it had imposed starting March 24 to contain the spread of Covid-19. Minister for Finance and Communication Yubaraj Khatiwada, who is also the government spokesperson, told a press briefing that Monday's Cabinet meeting had decided to lift the lockdown effective from Tuesday midnight with a few restrictions such as a ban on large gatherings still in place.

[4] COVID-19 vaccination drive to commence from Wednesday in Nepal. The Himalayan Times. 2021-01-24 [2021-01-24]. （原始內容存檔於2021-02-20）.

[5] 上游新聞. 印度疫情外溢亚洲多国遭病毒肆虐尼泊尔感染率增1200%. [2021-05-08]. （原始內容存檔於2021-05-12）.

[6] 206 Nepalis die of coronavirus across the globe as of Saturday evening. My Republica. 2020-07-26 [2021-02-12]. （原始內容存檔於2020-07-26）.

[7] Govt to carry out impact assessment of coronavirus on economy. The Himalayan Times. 2020-03-06 [2020-03-24]. （原始內容存檔於2020-03-31）.

[8] COVID-19 could push nearly one-third of Nepal's population below poverty line: World Bank report. Xinhua News Agency. 2020-07-23 [2020-07-27]. （原始內容存檔於2020-07-27）.

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