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List of emballonurids

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

A photograph of a Pacific sheath-tailed bat hanging upside-down. It is gray.
Pacific sheath-tailed bat (Emballonura semicaudata)

Emballonuridae is one of the twenty families of bats in the mammalian order Chiroptera and part of the microbat suborder. A member of this family is called a emballonurid, a sheath-tailed bat, or a sac-winged bat. They are found in all continents besides Europe and Antarctica, primarily in forests and caves, though some species can also be found in shrublands, savannas, rocky areas, or deserts. They range in size from the Amazonian sac-winged bat, at 3 cm (1 in) plus a 1 cm (0.4 in) tail, to the Pel's pouched bat, at 14 cm (6 in) plus a 4 cm (2 in) tail. Like all bats, emballonurids are capable of true and sustained flight, and have wing lengths ranging from 3 cm (1 in) to 10 cm (4 in). They are all insectivorous and eat a variety of insects and spiders, and occasionally fruit.[1] Almost no emballonurid have population estimates, though three species—the Pacific sheath-tailed bat, Antioquian sac-winged bat, and Hildegarde's tomb bat—are categorized as endangered species, and one species—the Seychelles sheath-tailed bat—is categorized as critically endangered with a population as low as 50.

The 55 extant species of Emballonuridae are divided between two subfamilies: Emballonurinae and Taphozoinae. Emballonurinae contains 37 species in 12 genera, and Taphozoinae contains 18 species in 2 genera. A few extinct prehistoric emballonurid species have been discovered, though due to ongoing research and discoveries the exact number and categorization is not fixed.[2]

Conventions

[edit]
IUCN Red List categories
Conservation status
 EX Extinct (0 species)
 EW Extinct in the wild (0 species)
 CR Critically Endangered (1 species)
 EN Endangered (3 species)
 VU Vulnerable (3 species)
 NT Near threatened (2 species)
 LC Least concern (38 species)
Other categories
 DD Data deficient (7 species)
 NE Not evaluated (0 species)

Conservation status codes listed follow the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species. Range maps are provided wherever possible; if a range map is not available, a description of the emballonurid's range is provided. Ranges are based on the IUCN Red List for that species unless otherwise noted. Population figures are rounded to the nearest hundred.

Classification

[edit]

The family Emballonuridae consists of two subfamilies: Emballonurinae, containing 37 species divided into 12 genera, and Taphozoinae, which contains 18 species in 2 genera.

Family Emballonuridae

Emballonurids

[edit]

The following classification is based on the taxonomy described by the reference work Mammal Species of the World (2005), with augmentation by generally accepted proposals made since using molecular phylogenetic analysis, as supported by both the IUCN and the American Society of Mammalogists.[3]

Subfamily Emballonurinae

[edit]
Genus Balantiopteryx Peters, 1867 – three species
Common name Scientific name and subspecies Range Size and ecology IUCN status and estimated population
Ecuadorian sac-winged bat


B. infusca
(Thomas, 1897)
Colombia and Ecuador
Map of range
Size: 3–5 cm (1–2 in), plus 1–2 cm (0.4–0.8 in) tail
3–5 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[4]

Habitat: Forest and caves[5]
 VU 


Unknown Population declining[5]

Gray sac-winged bat

Brown bat

B. plicata
Peters, 1867

Two subspecies
  • B. p. pallida
  • B. p. plicata
Mexico and Central America
Map of range
Size: 4–6 cm (2 in), plus 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) tail
3–5 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[4]

Habitat: Forest and shrubland[6]
 LC 


Unknown Unknown[6]

Thomas's sac-winged bat

Brown bat

B. io
Thomas, 1904
Mexico and Central America
Map of range
Size: 3–5 cm (1–2 in), plus 1–2 cm (0.4–0.8 in) tail
3–5 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[4]

Habitat: Caves and forest[7]
 VU 


Unknown Population declining[7]

Genus Centronycteris Gray, 1838 – two species
Common name Scientific name and subspecies Range Size and ecology IUCN status and estimated population
Shaggy bat

Brown bat

C. maximiliani
J. B. Fischer, 1829
Northern and eastern South America
Map of range
Size: 4–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 2–3 cm (1 in) tail
4–5 cm (2 in) arm/wing length[8]

Habitat: Forest[9]
 LC 


Unknown Unknown[9]

Thomas's shaggy bat


C. centralis
Thomas, 1912
Mexico, Central America, and northern South America
Map of range
Size: 4–6 cm (2 in), plus 1–4 cm (0.4–1.6 in) tail
4–5 cm (2 in) arm/wing length[8]

Habitat: Forest[10]
 LC 


Unknown Unknown[10]

Genus Coleura Peters, 1867 – three species
Common name Scientific name and subspecies Range Size and ecology IUCN status and estimated population
African sheath-tailed bat

Brown bat

C. afra
(Peters, 1852)
Scattered Sub-Saharan Africa
Map of range
Size: 5–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 1–2 cm (0.4–0.8 in) tail
4–6 cm (2 in) arm/wing length[4]

Habitat: Desert, caves, shrubland, savanna, and forest[11]
 LC 


Unknown Unknown[11]

Madagascar sheath-tailed bat


C. kibomalandy
Goodman, Puechmaille, Friedli-Weyeneth, Gerlach, Ruedi, Schoeman, Stanley, & Teeling, 2012
Madagascar Size: 6–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 1–2 cm (0.4–0.8 in) tail
4–6 cm (2 in) arm/wing length[4]

Habitat: Forest[12]
 DD 


Unknown Unknown[12]

Seychelles sheath-tailed bat

Brown bat

C. seychellensis
(Peters, 1868)

Two subspecies
  • C. s. seychellensis
  • C. s. silhouettae
Seychelles
Map of range
Size: 5–7 cm (2–3 in), plus unknown tail
4–6 cm (2 in) arm/wing length[4]

Habitat: Forest, inland wetlands, and caves[13]
 CR 


50–100 Population declining[13]

Genus Cormura Peters, 1867 – one species
Common name Scientific name and subspecies Range Size and ecology IUCN status and estimated population
Chestnut sac-winged bat

Brown bat

C. brevirostris
(Wagner, 1843)
Central America and northern South America
Map of range
Size: 4–6 cm (2 in), plus 1–2 cm (0.4–0.8 in) tail
4–5 cm (2 in) arm/wing length[4]

Habitat: Forest[14]
 LC 


Unknown Unknown[14]

Genus Cyttarops Thomas, 1913 – one species
Common name Scientific name and subspecies Range Size and ecology IUCN status and estimated population
Short-eared bat


C. alecto
Thomas, 1913
Central America and northern South America
Map of range
Size: 4–6 cm (2 in), plus 2–3 cm (1 in) tail
4–5 cm (2 in) arm/wing length[4]

Habitat: Forest[15]
 LC 


Unknown Unknown[15]

Genus Diclidurus Wied-Neuwied, 1820 – four species
Common name Scientific name and subspecies Range Size and ecology IUCN status and estimated population
Greater ghost bat


D. ingens
Hernandez-Camacho, 1955
Northern South America
Map of range
Size: About 8 cm (3 in), plus about 2 cm (1 in) tail
6–8 cm (2–3 in) arm/wing length[4]

Habitat: Forest[16]
 DD 


Unknown Unknown[16]

Isabelle's ghost bat


D. isabellus
Thomas, 1920
Northern South America
Map of range
Size: About 7 cm (3 in), plus 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) tail
about 5 cm (2 in) arm/wing length[4]

Habitat: Forest[17]
 LC 


Unknown Unknown[17]

Lesser ghost bat


D. scutatus
Peters, 1869
Northern South America
Map of range
Size: 5–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 1–2 cm (0.4–0.8 in) tail
5–6 cm (2 in) arm/wing length[4]

Habitat: Forest[18]
 LC 


Unknown Unknown[18]

Northern ghost bat

White bat

D. albus
Wied-Neuwied, 1820

Two subspecies
  • D. a. albus
  • D. a. virgo
Mexico, Central America, and South America
Map of range
Size: 6–9 cm (2–4 in), plus 1–8 cm (0.4–3.1 in) tail
6–7 cm (2–3 in) arm/wing length[4]

Habitat: Forest[19]
 LC 


Unknown Unknown[19]

Genus Emballonura Temminck, 1838 – eight species
Common name Scientific name and subspecies Range Size and ecology IUCN status and estimated population
Beccari's sheath-tailed bat


E. beccarii
Peters & Doria, 1881

Three subspecies
  • E. b. beccarii
  • E. b. clavium
  • E. b. meeki
Indonesia and Papua New Guinea
Map of range
Size: 3–5 cm (1–2 in), plus 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) tail
3–5 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[20]

Habitat: Forest and caves[21]
 LC 


Unknown Unknown[21]

Greater sheath-tailed bat


E. furax
Thomas, 1911
Indonesia and Papua New Guinea
Map of range
Size: 5–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 1–2 cm (0.4–0.8 in) tail
4–6 cm (2 in) arm/wing length[20]

Habitat: Forest and caves[22]
 LC 


Unknown Population steady[22]

Large-eared sheath-tailed bat


E. dianae
Hill, 1956

Three subspecies
  • E. d. dianae
  • E. d. fruhstorferi
  • E. d. rickwoodi
Papua New Guinea and the Solomon Islands
Map of range
Size: 4–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 1–2 cm (0.4–0.8 in) tail
4–5 cm (2 in) arm/wing length[20]

Habitat: Forest and caves[23]
 LC 


Unknown Unknown[23]

Lesser sheath-tailed bat

Drawing of bat

E. monticola
Temminck, 1838
Southeastern Asia
Map of range
Size: 4–5 cm (2 in), plus 1–2 cm (0.4–0.8 in) tail
3–5 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[20]

Habitat: Forest, rocky areas, and caves[24]
 LC 


Unknown Population steady[24]

Pacific sheath-tailed bat

Brown bat

E. semicaudata
Peale, 1848

Four subspecies
  • E. s. palauensis
  • E. s. rotensis
  • E. s. semicaudata
  • E. s. sulcata
Polynesia and Micronesia
Map of range
Size: 4–5 cm (2 in), plus unknown tail
4–5 cm (2 in) arm/wing length[4]

Habitat: Forest, rocky areas, and caves[25]
 EN 


Unknown Population declining[25]

Raffray's sheath-tailed bat

Brown bat

E. raffrayana
Dobson, 1879

Three subspecies
  • E. r. cor
  • E. r. raffrayana
  • E. r. stresemanni
Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, and the Solomon Islands
Map of range
Size: 3–6 cm (1–2 in), plus 1–2 cm (0.4–0.8 in) tail
3–5 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[20]

Habitat: Caves and forest[26]
 LC 


Unknown Unknown[26]

Seri's sheath-tailed bat


E. serii
Flannery, 1994
Indonesia and Papua New Guinea
Map of range
Size: 4–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 1–2 cm (0.4–0.8 in) tail
4–6 cm (2 in) arm/wing length[4]

Habitat: Forest and caves[27]
 VU 


Unknown Population declining[27]

Small Asian sheath-tailed bat


E. alecto
(Eydoux & Gervais, 1836)

Four subspecies
  • E. a. alecto
  • E. a. anambensis
  • E. a. palawanensis
  • E. a. rivalis
Borneo, Sulawesi, and the Philippines
Map of range
Size: 4–5 cm (2 in), plus 1–2 cm (0.4–0.8 in) tail
4–5 cm (2 in) arm/wing length[20]

Habitat: Forest and caves[28]
 LC 


Unknown Population declining[28]

Genus Mosia Gray, 1843 – one species
Common name Scientific name and subspecies Range Size and ecology IUCN status and estimated population
Dark sheath-tailed bat

Brown bats

M. nigrescens
Gray, 1843

Three subspecies
  • M. n. nigrescens
  • M. n. papuana
  • M. n. solomonis
Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, and the Solomon Islands
Map of range
Size: 3–5 cm (1–2 in), plus 1–2 cm (0.4–0.8 in) tail
3–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[4]

Habitat: Forest, rocky areas, and caves[29]
 LC 


Unknown Population steady[29]

Genus Paremballonura Goodman, Puechmaille, Friedli-Weyeneth, Gerlach, Ruedi, Schoeman, Stanley, & Teeling, 2012 – two species
Common name Scientific name and subspecies Range Size and ecology IUCN status and estimated population
Peters's sheath-tailed bat


P. atrata
Peters, 1874
Eastern Madagascar
Map of range
Size: 4–5 cm (2 in), plus 1–2 cm (0.4–0.8 in) tail
3–5 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[4]

Habitat: Forest and caves[30]
 LC 


Unknown Unknown[30]

Western sheath-tailed bat


P. tiavato
(Goodman, Cardiff, Ranivo, Russell, & Yoder, 2006)
Western Madagascar
Map of range
Size: 4–5 cm (2 in), plus 1–2 cm (0.4–0.8 in) tail
3–5 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[4]

Habitat: Forest and caves[31]
 LC 


Unknown Unknown[31]

Genus Peropteryx Peters, 1867 – five species
Common name Scientific name and subspecies Range Size and ecology IUCN status and estimated population
Greater dog-like bat

Brown bat

P. kappleri
Peters, 1867

Two subspecies
  • P. k. intermedia
  • P. k. kappleri
Mexico, Central America, and South America
Map of range
Size: 6–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 1–2 cm (0.4–0.8 in) tail
4–6 cm (2 in) arm/wing length[4]

Habitat: Forest and caves[32]
 LC 


Unknown Unknown[32]

Lesser dog-like bat

Brown bat

P. macrotis
Wagner, 1843
Mexico, Central America, and South America Size: 4–6 cm (2 in), plus 1–2 cm (0.4–0.8 in) tail
3–5 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[4]

Habitat: Forest and shrubland[33]
 LC 


Unknown Population steady[33]

Pale-winged dog-like bat


P. pallidoptera
Lim, Engstrom, Reid, Simmons, Voss, & Fleck, 2010
Northwestern South America Size: 4–6 cm (2 in), plus 1–2 cm (0.4–0.8 in) tail
3–5 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[8]

Habitat: Forest[34]
 DD 


Unknown Unknown[34]

Trinidad dog-like bat

Brown bat

P. trinitatis
Miller, 1899

Two subspecies
  • P. t. phaea
  • P. t. trinitatis
Northeastern South America
Map of range
Size: 4–5 cm (2 in), plus 1–2 cm (0.4–0.8 in) tail
3–5 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[4]

Habitat: Forest and caves[35]
 DD 


Unknown Unknown[35]

White-winged dog-like bat


P. leucoptera
Peters, 1867

Two subspecies
  • P. l. cyclops
  • P. l. leucoptera
Northern South America
Map of range
Size: 4–6 cm (2 in), plus 1–2 cm (0.4–0.8 in) tail
4–6 cm (2 in) arm/wing length[8]

Habitat: Forest and caves[36]
 LC 


Unknown Unknown[36]

Genus Rhynchonycteris Peters, 1867 – one species
Common name Scientific name and subspecies Range Size and ecology IUCN status and estimated population
Proboscis bat

Brown bats

R. naso
(Wied-Neuwied, 1820)
Mexico, Central America, and South America
Map of range
Size: 3–5 cm (1–2 in), plus 1–2 cm (0.4–0.8 in) tail
3–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[8]

Habitat: Forest and caves[37]
 LC 


Unknown Unknown[37]

Genus Saccopteryx Illiger, 1811 – five species
Common name Scientific name and subspecies Range Size and ecology IUCN status and estimated population
Amazonian sac-winged bat


S. gymnura
Thomas, 1901
Northern South America
Map of range
Size: 3–4 cm (1–2 in), plus 1–2 cm (0.4–0.8 in) tail
3–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[8]

Habitat: Forest[38]
 DD 


Unknown Unknown[38]

Antioquian sac-winged bat


S. antioquensis
Muñoz & Cuartas, 2001
Colombia
Map of range
Size: 4–5 cm (2 in), plus 1–2 cm (0.4–0.8 in) tail
3–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[8]

Habitat: Forest and caves[39]
 EN 


Unknown Unknown[39]

Frosted sac-winged bat

Brown bats

S. canescens
Thomas, 1901

Two subspecies
  • S. c. canescens
  • S. c. pumila
Northern South America
Map of range
Size: 3–5 cm (1–2 in), plus 1–2 cm (0.4–0.8 in) tail
3–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[8]

Habitat: Forest[40]
 LC 


Unknown Unknown[40]

Greater sac-winged bat

Brown bat

S. bilineata
(Temminck, 1838)
Mexico, Central America, and South America
Map of range
Size: 4–6 cm (2 in), plus 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) tail
4–5 cm (2 in) arm/wing length[8]

Habitat: Forest and caves[41]
 LC 


Unknown Unknown[41]

Lesser sac-winged bat

Brown bats

S. leptura
Schreber, 1774
Mexico, Central America, and South America
Map of range
Size: 3–6 cm (1–2 in), plus 1–2 cm (0.4–0.8 in) tail
3–5 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length[8]

Habitat: Forest[42]
 LC 


Unknown Unknown[42]

Subfamily Taphozoinae

[edit]
Genus Saccolaimus Temminck, 1838 – four species
Common name Scientific name and subspecies Range Size and ecology IUCN status and estimated population
Naked-rumped pouched bat

Brown bat

S. saccolaimus
Temminck, 1838

Five subspecies
  • S. s. affinis
  • S. s. crassus
  • S. s. nudicluniatus
  • S. s. pluto
  • S. s. saccolaimus
Southern and southeastern Asia and northern Australia
Map of range
Size: 8–10 cm (3–4 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail
6–8 cm (2–3 in) arm/wing length[20]

Habitat: Forest, savanna, and caves[43]
 LC 


Unknown Population steady[43]

Papuan sheath-tailed bat


S. mixtus
Troughton, 1925
Southern New Guinea and northern Australia
Map of range
Size: 7–8 cm (3 in), plus 2–3 cm (1 in) tail
6–7 cm (2–3 in) arm/wing length[20]

Habitat: Forest, savanna, and caves[44]
 NT 


Unknown Population declining[44]

Pel's pouched bat

Black and white photo of bat

S. peli
Temminck, 1853
Western and central Africa
Map of range
Size: 11–14 cm (4–6 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail
8–10 cm (3–4 in) arm/wing length[20]

Habitat: Forest[45]
 LC 


Unknown Unknown[45]

Yellow-bellied sheath-tailed bat

Brown bat

S. flaviventris
Peters, 1867
Australia
Map of range
Size: 7–9 cm (3–4 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail
7–9 cm (3–4 in) arm/wing length[20]

Habitat: Forest, savanna, and shrubland[46]
 LC 


Unknown Population declining[46]

Genus Taphozous Geoffroy, 1818 – fourteen species
Common name Scientific name and subspecies Range Size and ecology IUCN status and estimated population
Arnhem sheath-tailed bat


T. kapalgensis
McKean & Friend, 1979
Northwestern Australia
Map of range
Size: 7–9 cm (3–4 in), plus 2–3 cm (1 in) tail
5–7 cm (2–3 in) arm/wing length[20]

Habitat: Forest, savanna, and grassland[47]
 LC 


Unknown Unknown[47]

Black-bearded tomb bat

Brown bat

T. melanopogon
Temminck, 1841

Five subspecies
  • T. m. bicolor
  • T. m. cavaticus
  • T. m. fretensis
  • T. m. melanopogon
  • T. m. phillipinensis
Southern and southeastern Asia
Map of range
Size: 6–9 cm (2–4 in), plus 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) tail
6–7 cm (2–3 in) arm/wing length[20]

Habitat: Forest, shrubland, and caves[48]
 LC 


Unknown Population steady[48]

Coastal sheath-tailed bat

Brown bat

T. australis
Gould, 1854
Northern Australia
Map of range
Size: 7–9 cm (3–4 in), plus 2–3 cm (1 in) tail
6–7 cm (2–3 in) arm/wing length[20]

Habitat: Forest, shrubland, caves, and coastal marine[49]
 NT 


9,000–10,000 Population declining[49]

Common sheath-tailed bat


T. georgianus
Thomas, 1915
Northern and northwestern Australia
Map of range
Size: 6–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail
6–8 cm (2–3 in) arm/wing length[20]

Habitat: Savanna, rocky areas, and caves[50]
 LC 


Unknown Population steady[50]

Egyptian tomb bat

Drawing of bat

T. perforatus
Geoffroy, 1818

Four subspecies
  • T. p. haedinus
  • T. p. perforatus
  • T. p. senegalensis
  • T. p. sudani
Scattered Africa and western and southern Asia
Map of range
Size: 7–9 cm (3–4 in), plus 2–3 cm (1 in) tail
5–7 cm (2–3 in) arm/wing length[20]

Habitat: Savanna and inland wetlands[51]
 LC 


Unknown Population steady[51]

Hamilton's tomb bat


T. hamiltoni
Thomas, 1920
Central Africa
Map of range
Size: 8–9 cm (3–4 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail
6–8 cm (2–3 in) arm/wing length[20]

Habitat: Savanna and unknown[52]
 DD 


Unknown Unknown[52]

Hildegarde's tomb bat


T. hildegardeae
Thomas, 1909
Kenya and Tanzania
Map of range
Size: 7–9 cm (3–4 in), plus 2–3 cm (1 in) tail
6–7 cm (2–3 in) arm/wing length[20]

Habitat: Forest and caves[53]
 EN 


Unknown Population declining[53]

Hill's sheath-tailed bat


T. hilli
Kitchener, 1980
Australia
Map of range
Size: 6–9 cm (2–4 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail
6–8 cm (2–3 in) arm/wing length[20]

Habitat: Savanna, shrubland, grassland, rocky areas, caves, and desert[54]
 LC 


Unknown Population steady[54]

Indonesian tomb bat


T. achates
Thomas, 1915

Two subspecies
  • T. a. achates
  • T. a. minor
Indonesia
Map of range
Size: 7–8 cm (3 in), plus 2–3 cm (1 in) tail
5–7 cm (2–3 in) arm/wing length[20]

Habitat: Forest and caves[55]
 DD 


Unknown Unknown[55]

Long-winged tomb bat

Brown bat

T. longimanus
Hardwicke, 1825

Four subspecies
  • T. l. albipinnis
  • T. l. kampenii
  • T. l. leucopleurus
  • T. l. longimanus
Southern and southeastern Asia
Map of range
Size: 7–9 cm (3–4 in), plus 2–3 cm (1 in) tail
5–7 cm (2–3 in) arm/wing length[20]

Habitat: Forest, savanna, rocky areas, and caves[56]
 LC 


Unknown Population steady[56]

Mauritian tomb bat

Brown bats

T. mauritianus
Geoffroy, 1818
Sub-Saharan Africa
Map of range
Size: 7–9 cm (3–4 in), plus 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) tail
5–7 cm (2–3 in) arm/wing length[20]

Habitat: Forest, savanna, shrubland, and rocky areas[57]
 LC 


Unknown Unknown[57]

Naked-rumped tomb bat

Brown bat

T. nudiventris
Cretzschmar, 1830

Five subspecies
  • T. n. kachhensis
  • T. n. magnus
  • T. n. nudaster
  • T. n. nudiventris
  • T. n. zayidi
Scattered Africa and western and southern Asia
Map of range
Size: 8–11 cm (3–4 in), plus 2–5 cm (1–2 in) tail
7–8 cm (3 in) arm/wing length[20]

Habitat: Savanna, shrubland, grassland, inland wetlands, caves, and desert[58]
 LC 


Unknown Population steady[58]

Theobald's tomb bat

Brown bat

T. theobaldi
Dobson, 1872

Two subspecies
  • T. t. secatus
  • T. t. theobaldi
Southern and southeastern Asia
Map of range
Size: 8–10 cm (3–4 in), plus 2–3 cm (1 in) tail
7–8 cm (3 in) arm/wing length[20]

Habitat: Forest and caves[59]
 LC 


Unknown Unknown[59]

Troughton's sheath-tailed bat


T. troughtoni
Tate, 1952
Northeastern Australia
Map of range
Size: 7–9 cm (3–4 in), plus 3–4 cm (1–2 in) tail
7–8 cm (3 in) arm/wing length[20]

Habitat: Savanna, rocky areas, and caves[60]
 LC 


Unknown Population declining[60]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Nowak, pp. 87–88
  2. ^ "PBDB Taxon: Emballonuridae". Paleobiology Database. University of Wisconsin–Madison. Archived from the original on December 17, 2024. Retrieved September 16, 2024.
  3. ^ Wilson, Reeder, pp. 381–390
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t Chernasky; Motis; Burgin, pp. 486–487
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  6. ^ a b Lim, B.; Miller, B.; Reid, F.; Arroyo-Cabrales, J.; Cuarón, A. D.; de Grammont, P. C. (2016). "Balantiopteryx plicata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T2533A22029659. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T2533A22029659.en.
  7. ^ a b Lim, B. (2015). "Balantiopteryx io". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T2532A22030080. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T2532A22030080.en.
  8. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Chernasky; Motis; Burgin, p. 488
  9. ^ a b Sampaio, E.; Lim, B.; Peters, S. (2016). "Centronycteris maximiliani". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T4112A22002444. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T4112A22002444.en.
  10. ^ a b Arroyo-Cabrales, J.; Miller, B.; Reid, F.; Cuarón, A. D.; de Grammont, P. C. (2015). "Centronycteris centralis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T136350A22023809. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T136350A22023809.en.
  11. ^ a b Monadjem, A.; Bergmans, W.; Racey, P. A.; Mickleburgh, S.; Hutson, A. M.; Cardiff, S. G. (2017). "Coleura afra". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T5113A22089365. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T5113A22089365.en.
  12. ^ a b Goodman, S. (2017). "Coleura kibomalandy". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T80221085A95642170. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T80221085A95642170.en.
  13. ^ a b Mondajem, A.; Gerlach, J.; Mickleburgh, S.; Hutson, A. M.; Bergmans, W. (2017). "Coleura seychellensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T5112A22089794. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T5112A22089794.en.
  14. ^ a b Sampaio, E.; Lim, B.; Peters, S.; Miller, B.; Cuarón, A. D.; de Grammont, P. C. (2016). "Cormura brevirostris". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T41527A22006450. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T41527A22006450.en.
  15. ^ a b Lim, B.; Miller, B.; Reid, F.; Arroyo-Cabrales, J.; Cuarón, A. D.; de Grammont, P. C. (2016). "Cyttarops alecto". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T6206A22022820. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T6206A22022820.en.
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  19. ^ a b Lim, B.; Miller, B.; Reid, F.; Arroyo-Cabrales, J.; Cuarón, A. D.; de Grammont, P. C. (2016). "Diclidurus albus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T6561A21986615. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T6561A21986615.en.
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  29. ^ a b Armstrong, K. N. (2021) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Mosia nigrescens". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T13904A209523725. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-3.RLTS.T13904A209523725.en.
  30. ^ a b Monadjem, A.; Cardiff, S. G.; Rakotoarivelo, A. R.; Jenkins, R. K. B.; Ratrimomanarivo, F. H. (2017). "Paremballonura atrata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T7671A22135427. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T7671A22135427.en.
  31. ^ a b Monadjem, A.; Cardiff, S. G.; Rakotoarivelo, A. R.; Jenkins, R. K. B.; Ratrimomanarivo, F. H. (2017). "Paremballonura tiavato". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T136835A22040708. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T136835A22040708.en.
  32. ^ a b Davalos, L.; Molinari, J.; Miller, B.; Rodriguez, B. (2018). "Peropteryx kappleri". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T16707A22100544. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T16707A22100544.en.
  33. ^ a b Barquez, R.; Lim, B.; Rodriguez, B.; Miller, B.; Diaz, M. (2015). "Peropteryx macrotis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T16709A22101100. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T16709A22101100.en.
  34. ^ a b Solari, S. (2016). "Peropteryx pallidoptera". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T85822291A85822446. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T85822291A85822446.en.
  35. ^ a b Sampaio, E.; Lim, B.; Peters, S. (2016). "Peropteryx trinitatis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T136790A22035534. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T136790A22035534.en.
  36. ^ a b Solari, S. (2015). "Peropteryx leucoptera". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T16708A22100830. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T16708A22100830.en.
  37. ^ a b Lim, B.; Miller, B. (2016). "Rhynchonycteris naso". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T19714A22010818. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T19714A22010818.en.
  38. ^ a b Sampaio, E.; Lim, B.; Peters, S. (2016). "Saccopteryx gymnura". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T19806A22005356. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T19806A22005356.en.
  39. ^ a b Solari, S. (2016). "Saccopteryx antioquensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T136420A21985022. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T136420A21985022.en.
  40. ^ a b Solari, S. (2015). "Saccopteryx canescens". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T19805A22005456. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T19805A22005456.en.
  41. ^ a b Solari, S. (2015). "Saccopteryx bilineata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T19804A22004716. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T19804A22004716.en.
  42. ^ a b Solari, S. (2015). "Saccopteryx leptura". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T19807A22005807. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T19807A22005807.en.
  43. ^ a b Lumsden, L. F. (2021) [errata version of 2017 assessment]. "Saccolaimus saccolaimus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T19802A209550074. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T19802A209550074.en.
  44. ^ a b Armstrong, K. N.; Broken-brow, J.; Burbidge, A. H.; Woinarski, J. C. Z. (2021) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Saccolaimus mixtus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T19800A209535232. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-3.RLTS.T19800A209535232.en.
  45. ^ a b Monadjem, A.; Fahr, J.; Hutson, A. M.; Mickleburgh, S.; Bergmans, W. (2017). "Saccolaimus peli". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T19801A22004557. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T19801A22004557.en.
  46. ^ a b Armstrong, K. N.; Lumsden, L. F. (2021) [amended version of 2017 assessment]. "Saccolaimus flaviventris". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T19799A209538418. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-3.RLTS.T19799A209538418.en.
  47. ^ a b Armstrong, K. N.; Burbidge, A. H.; Milne, D. J.; Reardon, T. B.; Woinarski, J. C. Z. (2021) [amended version of 2017 assessment]. "Taphozous kapalgensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T21458A209539248. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-3.RLTS.T21458A209539248.en.
  48. ^ a b Phelps, K.; Csorba, G.; Bumrungsri, S.; Helgen, K.; Francis, C.; Bates, P.; Gumal, M.; Balete, D. S.; Heaney, L.; Molur, S.; Srinivasulu, C. (2019). "Taphozous melanopogon". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T21461A22110277. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T21461A22110277.en.
  49. ^ a b Armstrong, K. N. (2021). "Taphozous australis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T21452A22112046. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T21452A22112046.en.
  50. ^ a b Armstrong, K. N.; Reardon, T. B. (2021) [amended version of 2017 assessment]. "Taphozous georgianus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T21454A209538623. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-3.RLTS.T21454A209538623.en.
  51. ^ a b Monadjem, A.; Molur, S.; Hutson, A. M.; Amr, Z. S. S.; Kock, D.; Mickleburgh, S.; Bergmans, W. (2020) [amended version of 2017 assessment]. "Taphozous perforatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T21463A166505490. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-1.RLTS.T21463A166505490.en.
  52. ^ a b Mickleburgh, S.; Hutson, A. M.; Bergmans, W. (2019). "Taphozous hamiltoni". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T21455A22111838. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-2.RLTS.T21455A22111838.en.
  53. ^ a b Webala, P.; Cooper-Bohannon, R.; Musila, S. (2020). "Taphozous hildegardeae". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T21456A22111960. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T21456A22111960.en.
  54. ^ a b Armstrong, K. N. (2021) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. "Taphozous hilli". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T21457A209524440. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-3.RLTS.T21457A209524440.en.
  55. ^ a b Hutson, A. M.; Schlitter, D.; Kingston, T. (2016). "Taphozous achates". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T21453A22111549. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T21453A22111549.en.
  56. ^ a b Srinivasulu, B.; Srinivasulu, C. (2019). "Taphozous longimanus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T21459A22111355. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-2.RLTS.T21459A22111355.en.
  57. ^ a b Monadjem, A.; Fahr, J.; Mickleburgh, S.; Racey, P. A.; Hutson, A. M.; Ravino, J.; Bergmans, W. (2017). "Taphozous mauritianus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T21460A22111004. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T21460A22111004.en.
  58. ^ a b Monadjem, A.; Racey, P. A.; Amr, Z. S. S.; Fahr, J.; Palmeirim, J.; Benda, P.; Bates, P.; Aulagnier, S.; Bergmans, W.; Hutson, A. M.; Kock, D. (2017). "Taphozous nudiventris". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T21462A22109884. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T21462A22109884.en.
  59. ^ a b Bates, P.; Bumrungsri, S.; Molur, S.; Srinivasulu, C.; Walston, J. (2019). "Taphozous theobaldi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T21465A22109663. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T21465A22109663.en.
  60. ^ a b Armstrong, K. N.; Reardon, T. B.; Woinarski, J. C. Z.; Burbidge, A. A. (2021) [amended version of 2017 assessment]. "Taphozous troughtoni". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T21466A209539933. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-3.RLTS.T21466A209539933.en.

Sources

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